TLS
E1268
TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a cryptographic protocol that secures data transmitted over networks by providing encryption, authentication, and integrity between communicating applications.
All labels observed (13)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| TLS canonical | 89 |
| Transport Layer Security | 42 |
| SSL/TLS | 2 |
| TLS 1.0 | 2 |
| TLS record layer | 2 |
| TLS record protocol | 2 |
| TLS (in FTPS) | 1 |
| TLS change cipher spec protocol | 1 |
| TLS handshake | 1 |
| Transport Layer Security (TLS) | 1 |
| Transport Layer Security family | 1 |
| Transport Layer Security protocol | 1 |
| mTLS | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T18043 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: TLS Context triple: [Internet, supportsProtocol, TLS]
-
A.
TCP/IP
TCP/IP is the fundamental communication protocol suite that enables data transmission and networking across the internet and most modern computer networks.
-
B.
HTTP
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the foundational application-layer protocol used for transmitting web pages and other resources across the World Wide Web.
-
C.
TEC
TEC is the commonly used acronym for the Episcopal Church, a mainline Anglican Christian denomination based in the United States.
-
D.
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is a global system of interlinked hypertext documents and resources accessed via the internet, enabling users worldwide to browse, share, and interact with information through web browsers.
-
E.
The Essence of Security
"The Essence of Security" is a book by former U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara that outlines his views on national security, nuclear strategy, and defense policy during the Cold War.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: TLS Target entity description: TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a cryptographic protocol that secures data transmitted over networks by providing encryption, authentication, and integrity between communicating applications.
-
A.
TCP/IP
TCP/IP is the fundamental communication protocol suite that enables data transmission and networking across the internet and most modern computer networks.
-
B.
HTTP
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the foundational application-layer protocol used for transmitting web pages and other resources across the World Wide Web.
-
C.
TEC
TEC is the commonly used acronym for the Episcopal Church, a mainline Anglican Christian denomination based in the United States.
-
D.
World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is a global system of interlinked hypertext documents and resources accessed via the internet, enabling users worldwide to browse, share, and interact with information through web browsers.
-
E.
The Essence of Security
"The Essence of Security" is a book by former U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara that outlines his views on national security, nuclear strategy, and defense policy during the Cold War.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
cryptographic protocol
ⓘ
network security protocol ⓘ |
| abbreviation | TLS ⓘ |
| basedOn | SSL 3.0 ⓘ |
| definedIn |
RFC 5246
ⓘ
RFC 8446 ⓘ |
| deprecatedVersion |
TLS 1.0
ⓘ
TLS 1.1 ⓘ |
| designGoal |
prevent eavesdropping
ⓘ
prevent message forgery ⓘ prevent tampering ⓘ |
| fullName |
Transport Layer Security
ⓘ
linked to:
TLS
|
| hasComponent |
TLS handshake
ⓘ
alert protocol ⓘ change cipher spec ⓘ record protocol ⓘ |
| latestVersion |
TLS 1.3
ⓘ
linked to:
RFC 8446
|
| operatesAtLayer |
application layer
ⓘ
transport layer ⓘ |
| predecessor |
SSL
ⓘ
linked to:
SSL 3.0
|
| providesProperty |
authentication
ⓘ
confidentiality ⓘ integrity ⓘ |
| publicationYear | 1999 ⓘ |
| purpose | secure data transmitted over networks ⓘ |
| standardizedBy |
IETF
ⓘ
linked to:
Internet Engineering Task Force
|
| successorTo |
SSL 2.0
ⓘ
SSL 3.0 ⓘ |
| supportsAlgorithmFamily |
AES
ⓘ
ChaCha20 ⓘ Diffie–Hellman ⓘ
linked to:
Diffie–Hellman key exchange
Elliptic Curve Diffie–Hellman ⓘ
linked to:
Diffie–Hellman key exchange
HMAC ⓘ RSA ⓘ |
| usedByProtocol |
FTPS
ⓘ
HTTPS ⓘ IMAPS ⓘ
linked to:
IMAP
POP3S ⓘ SMTPS ⓘ
linked to:
SMTP
STARTTLS ⓘ |
| usesMechanism |
X.509 certificates
ⓘ
digital certificates ⓘ message authentication codes ⓘ public key cryptography ⓘ symmetric key cryptography ⓘ |
| usesPortTypically | 443 ⓘ |
| version |
TLS 1.0
ⓘ
TLS 1.1 ⓘ TLS 1.2 ⓘ TLS 1.3 ⓘ
linked to:
RFC 8446
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: TLS Description of subject: TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a cryptographic protocol that secures data transmitted over networks by providing encryption, authentication, and integrity between communicating applications.
Referenced by (146)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
the internet
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS
subject linked to:
X.509 certificates
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS
subject linked to:
RC4 stream cipher
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS
linked to: TLS