WTO Appellate Body

E71387

appellate tribunal international judicial body organ of the World Trade Organization

The WTO Appellate Body was the standing quasi-judicial body of the World Trade Organization that reviewed appeals on points of law in trade dispute cases between member states.

Try in SPARQL Jump to: Surface forms Disambiguation Statements Elicitation Referenced by

AI illustration

All labels observed (10)

Label	Occurrences
WTO Appellate Body canonical	23
Appellate Body	4
Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization	3
WTO Appellate Body reports	2
Appellate Body of the WTO	1
WTO Appellate Body (until 2019)	1
WTO Appellate Body (when it was operational)	1
WTO Appellate Body Working Procedures	1
WTO Appellate Body for participating members	1
World Trade Organization Appellate Body	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T567303 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: WTO Appellate Body
Context triple: [Article XXI (Security Exceptions), interpretedBy, WTO Appellate Body]

A. General Council of the World Trade Organization
The General Council of the World Trade Organization is the main decision-making body in the WTO between ministerial conferences, overseeing the day-to-day implementation and functioning of global trade agreements.
B. WTO panels
WTO panels are dispute settlement bodies within the World Trade Organization that adjudicate trade conflicts between member states by interpreting WTO agreements and issuing legally binding rulings.
C. World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization is an international body that regulates global trade rules between nations, aiming to ensure trade flows smoothly, predictably, and freely.
D. Working Party on GATS Rules
The Working Party on GATS Rules is a specialized WTO body that negotiates and develops disciplines and rules related to the General Agreement on Trade in Services, including areas such as subsidies, safeguards, and government procurement of services.
E. International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial body of the United Nations that settles legal disputes between states and gives advisory opinions on international legal questions.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: WTO Appellate Body
Target entity description: The WTO Appellate Body was the standing quasi-judicial body of the World Trade Organization that reviewed appeals on points of law in trade dispute cases between member states.

A. General Council of the World Trade Organization
The General Council of the World Trade Organization is the main decision-making body in the WTO between ministerial conferences, overseeing the day-to-day implementation and functioning of global trade agreements.
B. WTO panels
WTO panels are dispute settlement bodies within the World Trade Organization that adjudicate trade conflicts between member states by interpreting WTO agreements and issuing legally binding rulings.
C. World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization is an international body that regulates global trade rules between nations, aiming to ensure trade flows smoothly, predictably, and freely.
D. Working Party on GATS Rules
The Working Party on GATS Rules is a specialized WTO body that negotiates and develops disciplines and rules related to the General Agreement on Trade in Services, including areas such as subsidies, safeguards, and government procurement of services.
E. International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial body of the United Nations that settles legal disputes between states and gives advisory opinions on international legal questions.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (58)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	appellate tribunal ⓘ international judicial body ⓘ organ of the World Trade Organization ⓘ
averageAppealDurationLimit	60 days ⓘ
cannotReview	domestic law as such outside the context of WTO obligations ⓘ new factual evidence ⓘ
composition	seven members ⓘ
country	Switzerland ⓘ
createdIn	1995 ⓘ
decisionMaking	decisions are taken by consensus or, if necessary, by majority ⓘ division of three members hears each appeal ⓘ
establishedBy	Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization ⓘ
function	interpret WTO covered agreements in the context of disputes ⓘ review appeals on issues of law in WTO dispute settlement cases ⓘ uphold, modify or reverse legal findings and conclusions of WTO panels ⓘ
independenceRequirement	not affiliated with any government ⓘ
jurisdiction	World Trade Organization member states ⓘ linked to: World Trade Organization
language	English ⓘ French ⓘ Spanish ⓘ
legalBasis	Dispute Settlement Understanding ⓘ Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes ⓘ linked to: Dispute Settlement Understanding
location	Centre William Rappard ⓘ
lostQuorumOn	2019-12-11 ⓘ
maximumAppealDuration	90 days ⓘ
memberCount	7 ⓘ
membersMustBe	persons of recognized authority with demonstrated expertise in law, international trade and the subject matter of the covered agreements ⓘ
membersServeIn	individual capacity ⓘ
memberTermLength	four years ⓘ
memberTermRenewable	once ⓘ
notableCase	Brazil – Measures Affecting Imports of Retreaded Tyres ⓘ Canada – Certain Measures Affecting the Automotive Industry ⓘ China – Measures Affecting Imports of Automobile Parts ⓘ European Communities – Measures Concerning Meat and Meat Products (Hormones) ⓘ European Communities – Measures Prohibiting the Importation and Marketing of Seal Products ⓘ European Communities – Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas ⓘ Russia – Measures Concerning Traffic in Transit ⓘ linked to: Russia – Measures Concerning Traffic in Transit (DS512) United States – Import Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products ⓘ United States – Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services ⓘ United States – Measures Concerning the Importation, Marketing and Sale of Tuna and Tuna Products ⓘ United States – Standards for Reformulated and Conventional Gasoline ⓘ United States – Tax Treatment for “Foreign Sales Corporations” ⓘ
officialName	Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization ⓘ linked to: WTO Appellate Body
oversight	WTO General Council in its capacity as Dispute Settlement Body ⓘ linked to: General Council of the World Trade Organization
parentOrganization	Dispute Settlement Body ⓘ
partOf	World Trade Organization ⓘ
proceduralRules	Working Procedures for Appellate Review ⓘ
reasonForImpairment	blockage of appointments and reappointments by the United States ⓘ
reportBindingOn	parties to the dispute after adoption by the Dispute Settlement Body ⓘ
reportsAdoptedBy	Dispute Settlement Body ⓘ
scopeOfReview	issues of law covered in the panel report ⓘ legal interpretations developed by the panel ⓘ
seat	Geneva ⓘ
shortName	Appellate Body ⓘ linked to: WTO Appellate Body WTO Appellate Body ⓘ
startDate	1995-01-01 ⓘ
status	non-functioning due to lack of members ⓘ
successorMechanismProposedByMembers	Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (38)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Article XXI (Security Exceptions) → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article II (Schedules of Concessions) → interpretedIn → WTO Appellate Body reports ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

Article III (National Treatment on Internal Taxation and Regulation) → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article XX (General Exceptions) → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Dispute Settlement Body → relatedBody → Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

Article 4 (consultations) → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body (when it was operational) ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

Article III:4 → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

WTO Appellate Body → officialName → Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

WTO Appellate Body → shortName → Appellate Body ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

WTO Appellate Body → shortName → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article III:8 → interpretedIn → WTO Appellate Body reports ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

DSB → relatedTo → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article III of GATT 1994 → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

WTO dispute settlement → usesBody → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article 11 Prohibition and Elimination of Certain Measures → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article XX of GATT 1994 → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Brazil – Measures Affecting Imports of Retreaded Tyres → WTOBody → Appellate Body ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

United States – Standards for Reformulated and Conventional Gasoline → appealedTo → Appellate Body of the WTO ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

Canada – Certain Measures Affecting the Automotive Industry → adjudicatingBody → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

United States – Tax Treatment for “Foreign Sales Corporations” → appealedTo → Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

China – Measures Affecting Imports of Automobile Parts → appealBody → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

United States – Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services → appealedTo → Appellate Body ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

Working Procedures for Appellate Review → appliesTo → World Trade Organization Appellate Body ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

Working Procedures for Appellate Review → adoptedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement → replacesFunctionOf → WTO Appellate Body for participating members ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement → relatedTo → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement → proceduralModel → WTO Appellate Body Working Procedures ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

GATT security exceptions dispute → legalForum → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

GATT 1994 Article XXI → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article XIX:1 → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Annex 2 of the WTO Agreement → definesBody → Appellate Body ⓘ

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

Article 18 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

GATS Annexes → usedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article XXIII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article III:2 → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article III:6 → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

Article III:7 (GATT 1994) → enforcedBy → WTO Appellate Body (until 2019) ⓘ

subject linked to: Article III:7

linked to: WTO Appellate Body

Article I of GATT 1994 → interpretedBy → WTO Appellate Body ⓘ

All labels observed (10)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (58)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (38)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited