Civil Rights Act of 1991

E31053

The Civil Rights Act of 1991 is a U.S. federal law that strengthened and expanded workplace discrimination protections, including by enhancing employees’ rights to sue and recover damages for intentional discrimination.

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How this image was made

AI-generated illustration of Civil Rights Act of 1991

This AI-generated illustration was produced by black-forest-labs/FLUX.2-dev (1024x1024) from a prompt written by openai/gpt-oss-120b from the entity's label + description.

Prompt

Generate an image of the Civil Rights Act of 1991 (The Civil Rights Act of 1991 is a U.S. federal law that strengthened and expanded workplace discrimination protections, including by enhancing employees’ rights to sue and recover damages for intentional discrimination.)

All labels observed (3)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (50)

Predicate Object
instanceOf United States federal statute ⓘ
civil rights law ⓘ
amends 42 U.S.C. § 1981 ⓘ
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ⓘ
Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ
Rehabilitation Act of 1973 ⓘ
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ
appliesTo federal government in certain provisions ⓘ
private employers meeting Title VII coverage thresholds ⓘ
state and local government employers ⓘ
citation 105 Stat. 1071 ⓘ
clarifies burden of proof in disparate impact cases ⓘ
mixed-motive discrimination standards ⓘ
standards for disparate impact claims under Title VII ⓘ
country United States ⓘ
covers color discrimination in employment ⓘ
disability discrimination in employment ⓘ
national origin discrimination in employment ⓘ
race discrimination in employment ⓘ
religion discrimination in employment ⓘ
sex discrimination in employment ⓘ
dateSigned 1991-11-21 ⓘ
enactedBy United States Congress ⓘ
establishes caps on combined compensatory and punitive damages based on employer size ⓘ
expands scope of 42 U.S.C. § 1981 to cover post-contract discrimination ⓘ
jurisdiction United States federal government ⓘ
presidentAtEnactment George H. W. Bush ⓘ
prohibits intentional employment discrimination ⓘ
retaliation for opposing unlawful employment practices ⓘ
protects employees ⓘ
job applicants ⓘ
providesFor compensatory damages for intentional employment discrimination ⓘ
jury trials in certain Title VII and ADA cases ⓘ
punitive damages for intentional employment discrimination in certain cases ⓘ
publicLawNumber Public Law 102-166 ⓘ
purpose to clarify provisions regarding disparate impact actions ⓘ
to provide for damages in cases of intentional employment discrimination ⓘ
to respond to certain Supreme Court decisions limiting civil rights protections ⓘ
to strengthen and improve federal civil rights laws ⓘ
respondsToCourtDecision Lorance v. AT&T Technologies, Inc. ⓘ
Patterson v. McLean Credit Union ⓘ
Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins ⓘ
Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio ⓘ
shortDescription U.S. law enhancing remedies and standards in employment discrimination cases ⓘ
signedBy George H. W. Bush ⓘ
subjectMatter employment discrimination ⓘ
remedies for intentional discrimination ⓘ
workplace civil rights ⓘ
title Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
yearEnacted 1991 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (24)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 → amendedBy → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Civil Rights Act of 1991 → title → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Griggs v. Duke Power Co. → relatedCase → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins → influenced → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
101st United States Congress → passedLegislation → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Special Litigation Section → legalAuthority → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio → relatedCase → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio → influenced → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio → overruledByStatute → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Patterson v. McLean Credit Union → subsequentDevelopment → Congress expanded § 1981 to cover post-formation discrimination in employment through the Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
linked to: Civil Rights Act of 1991
Lorance v. AT&T Technologies, Inc. → relatedLegislation → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Public Law 102-166 → officialName → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
George H. W. Bush administration → signed → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
ADEA → amendedBy → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Title I – Federal Civil Rights Remedies → partOf → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Title I – Federal Civil Rights Remedies → partOfTitle → Title I of the Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
linked to: Civil Rights Act of 1991
Title IV – Civil Rights Act of 1964 Amendments → relatedTo → Title I of the Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
linked to: Civil Rights Act of 1991
Title V – Miscellaneous Provisions → partOf → Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
Title V – Miscellaneous Provisions → supports → Title I of the Civil Rights Act of 1991 ⓘ
linked to: Civil Rights Act of 1991