Title IX

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Title IX is a landmark U.S. federal civil rights law enacted in 1972 that prohibits sex-based discrimination in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.

All labels observed (13)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (50)

Predicate Object
instanceOf United States federal civil rights law
anti-discrimination law
education law
allows administrative enforcement
private right of action
appliesTo K–12 schools
colleges
education activity receiving federal financial assistance
education program receiving federal financial assistance
educational institutions receiving federal financial assistance
private schools receiving federal funds
professional education programs
public schools
universities
vocational education programs
codifiedIn 20 U.S.C. § 1681 et seq.
country United States
enactedBy United States Congress
enactmentDate 1972-06-23
enforcedBy Office for Civil Rights
U.S. Department of Education
federal agencies providing financial assistance
fullName Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
influenced equal opportunity in admissions
equal opportunity in financial aid
equal treatment in academic programs
gender equity in athletics
institutional policies on sexual harassment
jurisdiction federally funded educational institutions in the United States
language English
legalBasis Spending Clause of the U.S. Constitution
notableCase Bostock v. Clayton County (interpretive influence on sex discrimination
Cannon v. University of Chicago
Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education
Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools
Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District
Grove City College v. Bell
Jackson v. Birmingham Board of Education
partOf Education Amendments of 1972
primaryGoal eliminate sex-based discrimination in federally funded education
prohibits gender-based discrimination
pregnancy discrimination in education
retaliation for asserting Title IX rights
sex discrimination
sexual harassment in education
sexual violence in education
sectionNumber Title IX
signedBy Richard Nixon
signingPresident Richard Nixon
subjectMatter sex equality in education

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (42)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Civil Rights Division legalAuthority Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (as enforced through coordination and review)
linked to: Title IX
NCAA women’s basketball influencedBy Title IX legislation
linked to: Title IX
Title IX fullName Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Title IX sectionNumber Title IX
Office for Civil Rights enforces Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Coordination and Review Section legalBasis Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Federal Coordination and Compliance Section appliesLaw Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 influenced Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
WomenSportsFoundation topic Title IX
Civil Rights Act of 1964 title Title IX
subject linked to: CRA 1964
Birch Bayh sponsorOf Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Birch Bayh notableWork Title IX
Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women influencedBy Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
NCAA Division I women’s track and field teams subjectTo Title IX regulations
linked to: Title IX
92nd United States Congress passed Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Education Amendments of 1972 titleIXCitation Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Education Amendments of 1972 legalBasisFor Title IX regulations on athletics equity
linked to: Title IX
Cannon v. University of Chicago statuteInterpreted Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Grove City College v. Bell concernsStatute Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools statuteInterpreted Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District legalSubject Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Gebser v. Lago Vista Independent School District legalPrinciple Title IX is enforced through an implied private right of action for damages.
linked to: Title IX
Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education statuteInterpreted Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Davis v. Monroe County Board of Education precedentFor Title IX peer sexual harassment claims
linked to: Title IX
Jackson v. Birmingham Board of Education statuteInterpreted Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Jackson v. Birmingham Board of Education proceduralHistory The Supreme Court granted certiorari to resolve whether Title IX covers retaliation claims
linked to: Title IX
Office for Civil Rights legalMandate Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
subject linked to: OCR
linked to: Title IX
Julie Foudy advocatesFor Title IX
Public Law 88-352 hasSection Title IX
United States federal education laws includes Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Sum It Up describes Title IX era in sports
linked to: Title IX
NDEA containsTitle Title IX
The Hunting Ground topic Title IX in the United States
linked to: Title IX
U.S. universities subjectTo Title IX regulations
linked to: Title IX
NCAA Division II women's gymnastics complianceRequirement Title IX gender equity regulations
linked to: Title IX
NCAA member institution follows Title IX regulations
subject linked to: NCAA member institutions
linked to: Title IX
NCAA women’s sports relatedToPolicy Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
linked to: Title IX
Title IX – General Provisions distinguishedFrom Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (sex discrimination in education)
linked to: Title IX