itraconazole
E850011
Itraconazole is a triazole antifungal medication commonly used to treat systemic and superficial fungal infections and known for significant drug–drug interactions via CYP3A4 inhibition.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Sporanox | 1 |
| itraconazole canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10214777 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: itraconazole Context triple: [CYP3A4, inhibitedBy, itraconazole]
-
A.
fluconazole
Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal medication commonly used to treat and prevent a wide range of Candida infections in humans.
-
B.
voriconazole
Voriconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal medication commonly used to treat serious invasive fungal infections, particularly those caused by Aspergillus species.
-
C.
posaconazole
Posaconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal medication commonly used to prevent and treat serious invasive fungal infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
-
D.
amphotericin B
Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication primarily used to treat severe, systemic fungal infections.
-
E.
Kotramide
Kotramide was a medieval Armenian noblewoman known primarily as the wife of King Ashot I Bagratuni, the first king of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: itraconazole Target entity description: Itraconazole is a triazole antifungal medication commonly used to treat systemic and superficial fungal infections and known for significant drug–drug interactions via CYP3A4 inhibition.
-
A.
fluconazole
Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal medication commonly used to treat and prevent a wide range of Candida infections in humans.
-
B.
voriconazole
Voriconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal medication commonly used to treat serious invasive fungal infections, particularly those caused by Aspergillus species.
-
C.
posaconazole
Posaconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal medication commonly used to prevent and treat serious invasive fungal infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
-
D.
amphotericin B
Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication primarily used to treat severe, systemic fungal infections.
-
E.
Kotramide
Kotramide was a medieval Armenian noblewoman known primarily as the wife of King Ashot I Bagratuni, the first king of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (65)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
azole antifungal
ⓘ
systemic antifungal agent ⓘ triazole antifungal drug ⓘ |
| accumulatesIn |
keratinous tissues
ⓘ
nails ⓘ skin ⓘ |
| approvedBy |
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
ⓘ
linked to:
Food and Drug Administration
|
| availableAs |
capsules
ⓘ
intravenous formulation ⓘ oral solution ⓘ |
| belongsTo | World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines ⓘ |
| boxedWarningIncludes | coadministration with certain CYP3A4-metabolized drugs can cause QT prolongation ⓘ |
| canCause |
congestive heart failure exacerbation
ⓘ
hepatotoxicity ⓘ |
| canProlong | QT interval when combined with susceptible drugs ⓘ |
| contraindicatedIn | patients with ventricular dysfunction or heart failure ⓘ |
| discoveredBy |
Janssen Pharmaceutica
ⓘ
linked to:
Janssen Pharmaceuticals
|
| eliminatedVia |
bile
ⓘ
feces ⓘ |
| hasActiveMetabolite | hydroxy-itraconazole ⓘ |
| hasATCCode | J02AC02 ⓘ |
| hasBioavailability | variable and formulation-dependent ⓘ |
| hasBlackBoxWarning | risk of congestive heart failure ⓘ |
| hasBrandName |
Sporanox
ⓘ
linked to:
itraconazole
|
| hasChemicalClass | triazole ⓘ |
| hasCommonAdverseEffect |
abdominal pain
ⓘ
diarrhea ⓘ elevated liver enzymes ⓘ headache ⓘ nausea ⓘ vomiting ⓘ |
| hasHalfLife | approximately 24–42 hours in adults ⓘ |
| hasMechanismOfAction | inhibition of fungal lanosterol 14α-demethylase ⓘ |
| hasMolecularFormula | C35H38Cl2N8O4 ⓘ |
| hasPharmacologicalEffect |
fungicidal activity at high concentrations
ⓘ
fungistatic activity ⓘ |
| hasPregnancyCategory | C (systemic use; varies by jurisdiction) ⓘ |
| hasRouteOfAdministration | oral ⓘ |
| hasSignificantDrugInteractionVia | CYP3A4 inhibition ⓘ |
| increasesPlasmaLevelsOf | many CYP3A4 substrates ⓘ |
| inhibits | CYP3A4 ⓘ |
| isHighlyProteinBound | true ⓘ |
| isInhibitorOf | P-glycoprotein ⓘ |
| isLipophilic | true ⓘ |
| isSubstrateOf | CYP3A4 ⓘ |
| isTeratogenicIn | animal studies ⓘ |
| metabolizedIn | liver ⓘ |
| requires | gastric acidity for optimal absorption of capsule formulation ⓘ |
| shouldBeUsedWithCautionIn |
hepatic impairment
ⓘ
renal impairment ⓘ |
| targets | fungal cytochrome P450 14α-demethylase (CYP51) ⓘ |
| usedFor |
aspergillosis
ⓘ
blastomycosis ⓘ dermatophytosis ⓘ esophageal candidiasis ⓘ histoplasmosis ⓘ onychomycosis ⓘ oral candidiasis ⓘ pityriasis versicolor ⓘ sporotrichosis ⓘ superficial fungal infections ⓘ systemic fungal infections ⓘ tinea corporis ⓘ tinea cruris ⓘ tinea pedis ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: itraconazole Description of subject: Itraconazole is a triazole antifungal medication commonly used to treat systemic and superficial fungal infections and known for significant drug–drug interactions via CYP3A4 inhibition.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: itraconazole