valproate
E874304
Valproate is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing medication widely used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and to prevent migraine headaches.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| valproate canonical | 2 |
| valproate semisodium | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10609914 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: valproate Context triple: [Epidiolex, drugInteractionWith, valproate]
-
A.
carbamazepine
Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug commonly used to treat epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia, and bipolar disorder.
-
B.
phenytoin
Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication commonly used to prevent and control seizures by stabilizing neuronal activity in the brain.
-
C.
Lyrica
Lyrica is a prescription medication (pregabalin) commonly used to treat nerve pain, fibromyalgia, and certain types of seizures.
-
D.
Acurenam
Acurenam is a town located in the Centro Sur province of Equatorial Guinea.
-
E.
Andexxa
Andexxa is a recombinant modified human factor Xa protein used as a reversal agent to counteract the anticoagulant effects of factor Xa inhibitors such as rivaroxaban and apixaban.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: valproate Target entity description: Valproate is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing medication widely used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and to prevent migraine headaches.
-
A.
carbamazepine
Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug commonly used to treat epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia, and bipolar disorder.
-
B.
phenytoin
Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication commonly used to prevent and control seizures by stabilizing neuronal activity in the brain.
-
C.
Lyrica
Lyrica is a prescription medication (pregabalin) commonly used to treat nerve pain, fibromyalgia, and certain types of seizures.
-
D.
Acurenam
Acurenam is a town located in the Centro Sur province of Equatorial Guinea.
-
E.
Andexxa
Andexxa is a recombinant modified human factor Xa protein used as a reversal agent to counteract the anticoagulant effects of factor Xa inhibitors such as rivaroxaban and apixaban.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
anticonvulsant
ⓘ
antiepileptic drug ⓘ mood stabilizer ⓘ pharmaceutical drug ⓘ |
| affectsMetabolismOf | lamotrigine ⓘ |
| contraindicatedIn |
pregnancy
ⓘ
severe liver disease ⓘ |
| hasActiveForm |
sodium valproate
ⓘ
valproate semisodium ⓘ
linked to:
valproate
valproic acid ⓘ |
| hasAdverseEffect |
alopecia
ⓘ
encephalopathy ⓘ hepatotoxicity ⓘ hyperammonemia ⓘ neural tube defects in fetus ⓘ pancreatitis ⓘ teratogenicity ⓘ thrombocytopenia ⓘ tremor ⓘ weight gain ⓘ |
| hasATCCode | N03AG01 ⓘ |
| hasBlackBoxWarningFor |
hepatotoxicity
ⓘ
pancreatitis ⓘ teratogenicity ⓘ |
| hasChemicalClass | short-chain fatty acid derivative ⓘ |
| hasDosageForm |
capsule
ⓘ
extended-release tablet ⓘ oral solution ⓘ tablet ⓘ |
| hasMechanismOfAction |
blocks voltage-gated sodium channels
ⓘ
increases brain GABA levels ⓘ inhibits histone deacetylases ⓘ modulates T-type calcium channels ⓘ |
| hasProteinBinding | high ⓘ |
| hasRouteOfAdministration |
intravenous
ⓘ
oral ⓘ |
| isMetabolizedIn | liver ⓘ |
| isOnWHOModelListOfEssentialMedicines | true ⓘ |
| isPregnancyCategory |
D
ⓘ
X for migraine prophylaxis in pregnancy ⓘ |
| prevents | migraine headaches ⓘ |
| treats |
absence seizures
ⓘ
acute manic episodes ⓘ bipolar disorder ⓘ epilepsy ⓘ focal seizures ⓘ generalized tonic-clonic seizures ⓘ myoclonic seizures ⓘ |
| wasFirstApprovedIn | 1960s ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: valproate Description of subject: Valproate is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing medication widely used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and to prevent migraine headaches.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: valproate