Canton System

E579839

The Canton System was an 18th–19th century Chinese trade regime that restricted foreign commerce to the port of Guangzhou (Canton) under strict imperial control, shaping early Western economic relations with China.

All labels observed (4)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (50)

Predicate Object
instanceOf Chinese imperial policy ⓘ
monopoly trading regime ⓘ
trade system ⓘ
alsoKnownAs Canton trade system ⓘ
linked to: Canton System

Guangzhou System ⓘ
appliesToJurisdiction Guangzhou ⓘ
Pearl River Delta ⓘ
causeOf growth of illicit opium trade ⓘ
tensions between Qing China and Western powers ⓘ
country Qing dynasty ⓘ
currency silver ⓘ
endTime 1842 ⓘ
enforcedBy Hoppo ⓘ
imperial customs authorities ⓘ
goal limit foreign influence in China ⓘ
maintain imperial control over foreign trade ⓘ
hasPart Cohong monopoly ⓘ
linked to: Canton System

Hoppo supervision ⓘ
Thirteen Factories district ⓘ
historicalPeriod 18th century ⓘ
early 19th century ⓘ
implementedBy Qianlong Emperor ⓘ
influenced early Sino-Western economic relations ⓘ
location Canton ⓘ
Pearl River ⓘ
South China Sea region ⓘ
linked to: South China Sea
mainParticipants American merchants ⓘ
British merchants ⓘ
Cohong merchants ⓘ
Portuguese merchants ⓘ
mainPort Guangzhou ⓘ
majorExport porcelain ⓘ
silk ⓘ
tea ⓘ
majorImport opium ⓘ
silver bullion ⓘ
regulates American trade with China ⓘ
European trade with China ⓘ
foreign maritime trade ⓘ
replacedBy Treaty port system ⓘ
significantEvent First Opium War ⓘ
linked to: Anglo-Chinese War

Treaty of Nanjing ⓘ
linked to: Treaty of Nanking
startTime 1757 ⓘ
tradeRegulation foreign trade conducted only through Cohong ⓘ
foreigners barred from learning Chinese language formally ⓘ
foreigners confined to factory compound ⓘ
foreigners prohibited from entering Guangzhou city walls ⓘ
trade limited to specific trading season ⓘ
tradeRestrictedFrom other Chinese ports ⓘ
tradeRestrictedTo Guangzhou ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (8)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

British opium trade in China → linkedTo → Canton System ⓘ
Macartney Embassy of 1793 → QingResponse → Qianlong Emperor asserted China’s self-sufficiency ⓘ
linked to: Canton System
Macartney Embassy of 1793 → relatedTo → Canton System ⓘ
Bogue → associatedWith → Canton System ⓘ
Canton System → alsoKnownAs → Canton trade system ⓘ
linked to: Canton System
Canton System → hasPart → Cohong monopoly ⓘ
linked to: Canton System
Guangzhou Thirteen Hongs Museum → theme → Canton System ⓘ