Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

E53957

title of a federal statute

Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin in places of public accommodation such as hotels, restaurants, and theaters.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 canonical	7
Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (in certain housing-related public accommodations contexts)	1
Title II, Civil Rights Act of 1964	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T429855 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Context triple: [Katzenbach v. McClung, appliedStatute, Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964]

A. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, or national origin in programs and activities receiving federal financial assistance.
B. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark U.S. federal law that prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
C. Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark U.S. federal law that outlawed segregation and major forms of discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, fundamentally reshaping American civil rights protections.
D. Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972
The Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 is a U.S. federal law that strengthened and expanded federal enforcement of workplace anti-discrimination protections, particularly by enhancing the powers and coverage of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).
E. Fair Housing Act of 1968
The Fair Housing Act of 1968 is a landmark U.S. law that prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing based on race, color, religion, sex, and later other protected characteristics.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Target entity description: Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin in places of public accommodation such as hotels, restaurants, and theaters.

A. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, or national origin in programs and activities receiving federal financial assistance.
B. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark U.S. federal law that prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
C. Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark U.S. federal law that outlawed segregation and major forms of discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, fundamentally reshaping American civil rights protections.
D. Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972
The Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 is a U.S. federal law that strengthened and expanded federal enforcement of workplace anti-discrimination protections, particularly by enhancing the powers and coverage of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).
E. Fair Housing Act of 1968
The Fair Housing Act of 1968 is a landmark U.S. law that prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing based on race, color, religion, sex, and later other protected characteristics.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (47)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	title of a federal statute ⓘ
aimsTo	eliminate segregation in public accommodations ⓘ
allows	civil actions by the Attorney General ⓘ private civil actions for injunctive relief ⓘ
appliesTo	hotels ⓘ motels ⓘ other places of exhibition or entertainment ⓘ places of public accommodation ⓘ restaurants ⓘ stadiums ⓘ theaters ⓘ
citation	Title II, Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ linked to: Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
codifiedIn	42 U.S.C. § 2000a et seq. ⓘ
constitutionalBasis	Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution ⓘ linked to: Commerce Clause Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ
countryOfJurisdiction	United States ⓘ linked to: United States of America
doesNotProvide	compensatory damages ⓘ punitive damages ⓘ
enactedAsPartOf	Public Law 88-352 ⓘ
enactmentDate	1964-07-02 ⓘ
enforcedBy	United States Department of Justice ⓘ
exempts	lodging establishments with five or fewer rooms where the owner resides on the premises ⓘ private clubs not open to the public ⓘ
historicalContext	Civil Rights Movement ⓘ linked to: American civil rights movement
influenced	later federal public accommodations laws ⓘ
interpretedBy	Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ
language	English ⓘ
legalNature	federal civil rights law ⓘ
legislativeBody	United States Congress ⓘ
partOf	Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ
primaryRemedy	injunctive relief ⓘ
prohibits	discrimination in places of public accommodation ⓘ refusal of service on prohibited grounds ⓘ segregation of customers in covered establishments ⓘ
prohibitsDiscriminationOnBasisOf	color ⓘ national origin ⓘ race ⓘ religion ⓘ
provides	right to full and equal enjoyment of goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, and accommodations of places of public accommodation ⓘ
requires	interstate commerce nexus for many covered establishments ⓘ
scopeLimitation	does not cover discrimination based on disability ⓘ does not cover discrimination based on sex ⓘ
sectionNumber	Title II ⓘ
shortDescription	prohibition of discrimination in public accommodations based on race, color, religion, or national origin ⓘ
signedIntoLawBy	Lyndon B. Johnson ⓘ
upheldIn	Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States ⓘ Katzenbach v. McClung ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (9)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Katzenbach v. McClung → appliedStatute → Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a valid exercise of Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause → upheldStatute → Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Title II – Public Accommodations → shortTitle → Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Ollie’s Barbecue case → involvesTitle → Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 → citation → Title II, Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

linked to: Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Ollie’s Barbecue purchased a substantial portion of its food from out-of-state suppliers → isRelevantToStatute → Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Ollie’s Barbecue refused to serve Black customers in its dining area → challengedUnderTitle → Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

HCE Section → enforcesLaw → Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (in certain housing-related public accommodations contexts) ⓘ

linked to: Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Title I of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 → relatedTo → Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

subject linked to: Title I

All labels observed (3)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (47)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (9)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited