Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976

E533554

The Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976 is a major and controversial amendment to the Indian Constitution enacted during the Emergency, known for significantly expanding central government powers and curtailing the jurisdiction of the judiciary.

All labels observed (7)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (73)

Predicate Object
instanceOf Act of Parliament of India ⓘ
Constitutional amendment of India ⓘ
affectedPart Part III of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Part IV of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Part IVA of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Part VI of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Part XI of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Part XII of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Part XIV of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Part XV of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Part XVI of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Part XVIII of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Preamble to the Constitution of India ⓘ
Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India ⓘ
aimedTo reduce scope of High Courts’ writ jurisdiction ⓘ
strengthen centralization of power ⓘ
alsoKnownAs Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India ⓘ
Mini-Constitution ⓘ
amendedArticle Article 131 ⓘ
Article 144A ⓘ
Article 226 ⓘ
Article 226A ⓘ
Article 227 ⓘ
Article 228A ⓘ
Article 31C ⓘ
Article 368 ⓘ
Article 74 ⓘ
assentDate 1976-12-18 ⓘ
assentedToBy Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed ⓘ
attemptedToLimit Judicial review ⓘ
attemptedToMake Parliamentary amendment power virtually unlimited ⓘ
cameIntoForceOn 1976-01-03 ⓘ
1976-02-01 ⓘ
1976-04-01 ⓘ
changedPreambleByAddingPhrase integrity of the Nation ⓘ
changedPreambleByAddingWord Secular ⓘ
Socialist ⓘ
characterizedAs controversial ⓘ
far-reaching ⓘ
country India ⓘ
curtailedPowersOf Judiciary of India ⓘ
enactedBy Parliament of India ⓘ
expandedPowersOf Union government of India ⓘ
linked to: Government of India
governingDocumentAmended Constitution of India ⓘ
insertedArticle Article 39A ⓘ
Article 43A ⓘ
Article 48A ⓘ
insertedPart Part IVA ⓘ
insertedSchedule Tenth Schedule ⓘ
introducedBy H. R. Gokhale ⓘ
introducedConcept Fundamental Duties of citizens ⓘ
introducedDuring The Emergency (India, 1975–1977) ⓘ
introducedInGovernmentOf Indira Gandhi ⓘ
languageOfText English ⓘ
legislativeBody Lok Sabha ⓘ
Rajya Sabha ⓘ
locationOfFundamentalDuties Article 51A ⓘ
nicknamed Mini-Constitution ⓘ
numberOfArticlesAmended 40 ⓘ
numberOfSections 59 ⓘ
partiallyInvalidatedBy Supreme Court of India in Minerva Mills judgment ⓘ
partiallyModifiedBy Constitution (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978 ⓘ
politicalContext Indian Emergency ⓘ
reducedTenureOf Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies from six years back to five years (later reversed by 44th Amendment) ⓘ
relatedCaseLaw Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (as background on basic structure doctrine) ⓘ
Minerva Mills Ltd. v. Union of India ⓘ
shiftedSubjectToConcurrentList Education ⓘ
Forests ⓘ
Protection of wild animals and birds ⓘ
Weights and measures ⓘ
strengthened Directive Principles of State Policy ⓘ
subjectArea Constitutional law ⓘ
year 1976 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (11)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Article 124 of the Constitution of India → amendedBy → Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976 ⓘ
Article 368 → wasAmendedBy → 42nd Amendment to the Constitution of India ⓘ
linked to: Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976
Article 74 of the Constitution of India → amendedBy → 42nd Amendment to the Constitution of India ⓘ
linked to: Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976
44th Amendment to the Constitution of India → relatedTo → 42nd Amendment to the Constitution of India ⓘ
linked to: Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976
Article 131A of the Constitution of India → introducedBy → Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976 ⓘ
Article 144A of the Constitution of India → insertedBy → Forty‑second Amendment of the Constitution of India ⓘ
linked to: Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976
Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976 → alsoKnownAs → Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India ⓘ
linked to: Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976
Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India → amendedBy → 42nd Amendment of the Constitution of India ⓘ
linked to: Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976
Minerva Mills Ltd. v. Union of India → constitutionalAmendmentChallenged → Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976 ⓘ
Article 368 of the Constitution of India → wasAmendedBy → 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 ⓘ
linked to: Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976
Directive Principles of State Policy (India) → strengthenedBy → 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act 1976 ⓘ
linked to: Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976