Gi protein
E275980
Gi protein is a subtype of heterotrimeric G protein that inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity and modulates various intracellular signaling pathways when activated by G protein–coupled receptors.
All labels observed (5)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| G alpha i/o family | 2 |
| GNAI1 gene (for Gαi1 in humans) | 1 |
| Gi heterotrimeric G protein | 1 |
| Gi protein canonical | 1 |
| Gi/o proteins | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2523514 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gi protein Context triple: [CB1 receptor, coupledTo, Gi protein]
-
A.
GIP
GIP is the ISO 4217 currency code for the Gibraltar pound, the official currency of Gibraltar.
-
B.
GIN
GIN is the three-letter ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code assigned to the West African nation of Guinea.
-
C.
HGF
HGF is the abbreviation for the Helmholtz Association, Germany’s largest scientific research organization spanning multiple disciplines and large-scale facilities.
-
D.
GDF
GDF is the Global Drug Facility, an international mechanism that supplies quality-assured medicines and diagnostics to support tuberculosis control and treatment programs worldwide.
-
E.
GP
GP is the two-letter ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code assigned to Guadeloupe.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gi protein Target entity description: Gi protein is a subtype of heterotrimeric G protein that inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity and modulates various intracellular signaling pathways when activated by G protein–coupled receptors.
-
A.
GIP
GIP is the ISO 4217 currency code for the Gibraltar pound, the official currency of Gibraltar.
-
B.
GIN
GIN is the three-letter ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code assigned to the West African nation of Guinea.
-
C.
HGF
HGF is the abbreviation for the Helmholtz Association, Germany’s largest scientific research organization spanning multiple disciplines and large-scale facilities.
-
D.
GDF
GDF is the Global Drug Facility, an international mechanism that supplies quality-assured medicines and diagnostics to support tuberculosis control and treatment programs worldwide.
-
E.
GP
GP is the two-letter ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code assigned to Guadeloupe.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
G protein alpha subunit family
ⓘ
heterotrimeric G protein ⓘ |
| activatedBy | G protein–coupled receptors ⓘ |
| activatedForm | GTP-bound Gαi ⓘ |
| belongsToPathway | inhibitory G protein signaling pathway ⓘ |
| bindsNucleotide |
GDP
ⓘ
GTP ⓘ |
| canBeInhibitedBy | pertussis toxin ⓘ |
| couplesToReceptor |
Gi-coupled GPCR
ⓘ
M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor ⓘ dopamine D2 receptor ⓘ somatostatin receptor ⓘ α2-adrenergic receptor ⓘ μ-opioid receptor ⓘ |
| downstreamEffect |
altered gene transcription via CREB
ⓘ
reduced protein kinase A activity ⓘ |
| encodedBy |
GNAI1 gene (for Gαi1 in humans)
ⓘ
linked to:
Gi protein
GNAI2 gene (for Gαi2 in humans) ⓘ GNAI3 gene (for Gαi3 in humans) ⓘ |
| foundIn |
humans
ⓘ
mammals ⓘ rodents ⓘ |
| GβγSubunits |
regulate ion channels
ⓘ
regulate phospholipase C β ⓘ |
| hasActivity | GTPase activity ⓘ |
| hasOrtholog | Gαi proteins in multiple vertebrate species ⓘ |
| hasSubunit |
Gαi
ⓘ
Gβ ⓘ Gγ ⓘ |
| inactiveForm | GDP-bound Gαiβγ trimer ⓘ |
| inhibits | adenylyl cyclase ⓘ |
| involvedIn |
cardiac function regulation
ⓘ
pain signaling pathways ⓘ regulation of hormone secretion ⓘ regulation of neurotransmitter release ⓘ smooth muscle contraction ⓘ vision-related signaling in some cells ⓘ |
| locatedIn | plasma membrane ⓘ |
| modulates |
intracellular signaling pathways
ⓘ
ion channel activity ⓘ |
| molecularFunction |
GTP binding
ⓘ
signal transducer activity ⓘ |
| negativelyRegulates | cAMP levels ⓘ |
| participatesIn | G protein–coupled receptor signaling pathway ⓘ |
| pertussisToxinEffect |
ADP-ribosylation of Gαi
ⓘ
prevention of receptor–G protein coupling ⓘ |
| regulates | cyclic AMP biosynthetic process ⓘ |
| taxon |
Eukaryota
ⓘ
linked to:
Eukarya
|
| uponActivation | dissociation of Gαi from Gβγ ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Gi protein Description of subject: Gi protein is a subtype of heterotrimeric G protein that inhibits adenylyl cyclase activity and modulates various intracellular signaling pathways when activated by G protein–coupled receptors.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Gi protein
linked to: Gi protein
subject linked to:
GNAI2 gene (for Gαi2 in humans)
linked to: Gi protein
subject linked to:
GNAI2 gene (for Gαi2 in humans)
linked to: Gi protein
subject linked to:
GNAI3 gene (for Gαi3 in humans)
linked to: Gi protein