General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

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The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was a post–World War II multilateral treaty that governed international trade by reducing tariffs and other barriers, laying the foundation for the modern global trading system.

All labels observed (32)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (83)

Predicate Object
instanceOf international treaty
multilateral trade agreement
abbreviation GATT
aimsTo prevent protectionism
promote trade liberalization
provide a rules-based trading system
reduce non-tariff barriers to trade
reduce tariffs
appliesToJurisdiction member countries of GATT
basedOn Havana Charter for an International Trade Organization
cameIntoForce 1 January 1948
concludedBy Uruguay Round agreements
continuedAs GATT 1994 under the WTO framework
countryOfOrigin Switzerland
dissolved 1 January 1995
draftedBy participating governments of 23 countries
fieldOfWork international trade
trade liberalization
follows Havana Charter negotiations
hasEffect creation of a multilateral trading system
expansion of world trade
reduction of average tariffs among industrialized countries
hasLegacy foundation of the modern multilateral trading system
hasPart Article I (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment)
Article II (Schedules of Concessions)
Article III (National Treatment on Internal Taxation and Regulation)
Article XI (General Elimination of Quantitative Restrictions)
Article XIX (Emergency Action on Imports of Particular Products)
Article XX (General Exceptions)
Article XXI (Security Exceptions)
Article XXIV (Territorial Application—Frontier Traffic—Customs Unions and Free-trade Areas)
GATT Articles I–XXXVIII
GATT contracting parties meetings
GATT dispute settlement procedures
headquartersLocation Geneva
Switzerland
inception 1947
languageOfWorkOrName English
French
Spanish
legalSuccessor Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization
negotiationRound Annecy Round (1949)
Dillon Round (1960–1962)
Geneva Round (1947)
Kennedy Round (1964–1967)
Tokyo Round (1973–1979)
Torquay Round (1950–1951)
Uruguay Round (1986–1994)
numberOfMembers 128
originalSignatory Australia
Belgium
Brazil
Burma
linked to: Myanmar

Canada
Chile
Cuba
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
France
India
Lebanon
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Pakistan
South Africa
Southern Rhodesia
linked to: Zimbabwe

Sri Lanka
Syria
United Kingdom
United States
partOf Bretton Woods system framework
post–World War II economic order
principle most-favoured-nation treatment
national treatment
reciprocity in trade concessions
tariffs as primary trade policy instrument
transparency in trade regulations
referredToAs GATT 1947 in WTO context
replacedBy World Trade Organization
shortName GATT 1947
signedIn 1947

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (171)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

World Trade Organization replaced General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
World Trade Organization predecessor GATT 1947
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
World Trade Organization coreAgreement General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade abbreviation GATT
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade shortName GATT 1947
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade hasPart GATT Articles I–XXXVIII
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade hasPart Article I (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment)
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade hasPart Article XI (General Elimination of Quantitative Restrictions)
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade hasPart Article XXIV (Territorial Application—Frontier Traffic—Customs Unions and Free-trade Areas)
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade referredToAs GATT 1947 in WTO context
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade continuedAs GATT 1994 under the WTO framework
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization replaces General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1947 institutional framework
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization successorTo GATT 1947 system
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
General Agreement on Trade in Services predecessor General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Dispute Settlement Understanding appliesTo GATT 1994
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Trade Policy Review Mechanism originatedIn General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article XXI (Security Exceptions) partOf General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1947
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article XXI (Security Exceptions) partOf GATT 1994
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Geneva Round (1947) underFrameworkOf General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article II (Schedules of Concessions) partOf General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article II (Schedules of Concessions) shortName Article II GATT
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article II (Schedules of Concessions) relatedTo Article I of GATT
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article II (Schedules of Concessions) relatedTo Article XXVIII of GATT
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article II (Schedules of Concessions) includedIn GATT 1994
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article II (Schedules of Concessions) predecessor Article II of GATT 1947
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article III (National Treatment on Internal Taxation and Regulation) partOf General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article III (National Treatment on Internal Taxation and Regulation) partOf GATT 1947
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article III (National Treatment on Internal Taxation and Regulation) relatedTo Article I (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment)
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article XIX (Emergency Action on Imports of Particular Products) partOf General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article XX (General Exceptions) partOf General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Article XX (General Exceptions) adoptedIn GATT 1947
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Havana Charter negotiations relatedTo General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Havana Charter negotiations result International Trade Organization not established
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Havana Charter negotiations result GATT remained main multilateral trade framework
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Annecy Round (1949) partOf General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Annecy Round (1949) legalFramework General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Annecy Round (1949) hasParticipant GATT contracting parties
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Torquay Round (1950–1951) partOf General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Torquay Round (1950–1951) framework GATT framework
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Torquay Round (1950–1951) legalBasis General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1947
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Torquay Round (1950–1951) relatedTo World Trade Organization
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Dillon Round (1960–1962) organizedBy General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Dillon Round (1960–1962) hasParticipant GATT contracting parties
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Dillon Round (1960–1962) legalFramework General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Dillon Round (1960–1962) treatySystem GATT trade rounds
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Kennedy Round (1964–1967) underAuspicesOf General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Kennedy Round (1964–1967) abbreviation GATT
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Kennedy Round (1964–1967) relatedConcept General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Tokyo Round (1973–1979) partOf General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Tokyo Round (1973–1979) underAuspicesOf GATT
linked to: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade