Muʿtazilite theology

E242165

Muʿtazilite theology is a rationalist school of early Islamic thought that emphasized divine justice, human free will, and the createdness of the Qur’an.

All labels observed (7)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (49)

Predicate Object
instanceOf Islamic theological school
kalam tradition
rationalist theology
associatedWithConcept al-amr bi-l-maʿruf wa-n-nahy ʿan al-munkar
linked to: Da'wah

al-manzila bayna al-manzilatayn (intermediate position)
al-tawḥid (divine unity)
al-waʿd wa-l-waʿid (promise and threat)
al-ʿadl (divine justice)
contrastsWith Ashʿarite theology
linked to: Ash'ari

traditionalist Sunni theology
coreDoctrine createdness of the Qurʾan
divine justice
divine unity
human free will
intermediate position of the grave sinner
promise and threat doctrine
rational obligation to know God
declinedAfterCentury 10th century
emergedInCentury 8th century
emergedInRegion Basra
Iraq
emphasizes incompatibility of divine injustice with God’s nature
moral responsibility of humans
use of reason in theology
historicalFigureAssociated Abū al-Hudhayl al-ʿAllāf
Wāṣil ibn ʿAṭāʾ
al-Jāḥiẓ
linked to: Al-Jahiz

al-Qāḍī ʿAbd al-Jabbār
ʿAmr ibn ʿUbayd
influenced Islamic philosophical theology
linked to: Islamic philosophy

Zaydi Shia theology
linked to: Zaydi kalam

some Imami Shia theologians
language Arabic terminology
method dialectical reasoning (kalam)
rational interpretation of scripture
modernReception studied as early Islamic rationalism
opposedBy Ashʿarite theologians
Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal
linked to: Ahmad ibn Hanbal
religiousTraditionOf Islam
supportedBy some Abbasid caliphs
teaches God must act justly
Qurʾan is created in time
linked to: Quran

good and evil are knowable by reason
humans create their own acts
textualSourcesInclude works of al-Qāḍī ʿAbd al-Jabbār
viewOnAttributesOfGod divine attributes are not distinct entities from God’s essence
viewOnEschatology denies beatific vision of God in the hereafter
viewOnSin grave sinner is neither believer nor unbeliever
wasOfficialDoctrineDuring Miḥna (inquisition)
linked to: Mihna (inquisition)

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (16)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Mihna hasCause Muʿtazilite theology
subject linked to: Mihna (inquisition)
Mihna ideologyPromoted Muʿtazilism
subject linked to: Mihna (inquisition)
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Zaydi Shia influencedBy Mu‘tazilite theology
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Islamic kalam hasMajorSchool Muʿtazilism
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Athari creed contrastedWith Muʿtazili theology
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Ibn Batta al-Ukbari opposedTo Muʿtazilism
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Sunni theology distinguishesFrom Mu‘tazili theology
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
al-Wathiq doctrineSupported Muʿtazilism
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Mihna ideology Mu'tazilism
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Zaydi fiqh hasTheologicalAffinityWith Muʿtazilite theology
Al-Jahiz movement Mu'tazilism
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Māturīdism contrastedWith Muʿtazilism
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Zaydi kalam influencedBy Muʿtazilite kalam
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Zaydi kalam sharesDoctrinalFeaturesWith Muʿtazilism
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Atharism contrastsWith Mu'tazilism
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology
Kitāb al-Kashf ʿan Manāhij al-Adilla theologicalSchoolDiscussed Muʿtazilism
linked to: Muʿtazilite theology