Mihna (inquisition)

E49165

The Mihna (inquisition) was a 9th-century religious and political persecution in the Abbasid Caliphate during which scholars were forced to conform to the caliphs’ official theological doctrine, particularly regarding the created nature of the Qur’an.

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Statements (45)

Predicate Object
instanceOf Abbasid-era event
religious inquisition
theological persecution
abolishedBy al-Mutawakkil
appliedTo Islamic scholars
traditionalist theologians
chronology 9th century
continuedBy al-Muʿtasim
linked to: al-Mu'tasim

al-Wathiq
country Abbasid Caliphate
describedIn Islamic historiographical works
doctrineImposed Qur’an is created
endedBecauseOf policy reversal under al-Mutawakkil
endTime 848
enforcedBy Abbasid caliphs
linked to: Abbasid Caliphate
field Islamic law
Islamic theology
hasAspect judicial inquisition
political control
religious policy
hasCause Muʿtazilite theology
caliphal attempt to assert religious authority
hasEffect enforced public affirmation of created Qur’an
persecution of dissenting scholars
tension between caliphal power and religious scholars
hasHistoricalSignificance defined later Sunni view of caliphal religious authority
historicalPeriod Islamic Golden Age
ideologyPromoted Muʿtazilism
initiatedBy al-Maʾmun
linked to: al-Ma'mun
languageOfContext Arabic
location Baghdad
Samarra
mainTopic createdness of the Qur’an
opposedBy Ahmad ibn Hanbal
broader Sunni community
traditionalist scholars
opposedDoctrine Qur’an is uncreated
partOf Islamic theological controversies
religion Islam
result limitation of caliphal role in defining doctrine
strengthening of Sunni traditionalism
significantEvent trial and flogging of Ahmad ibn Hanbal
startTime 833
targetedGroup Sunni traditionalists
hadith scholars

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Referenced by (4)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Abbasid Caliphate significantEvent Mihna (inquisition)
al-Ma'mun knownFor the Mihna inquisition
linked to: Mihna (inquisition)
Ahmad ibn Hanbal subjectOf Mihna (inquisition)
Muʿtazilite theology wasOfficialDoctrineDuring Miḥna (inquisition)
linked to: Mihna (inquisition)