cytochrome P450 reductase
E850009
Cytochrome P450 reductase is a flavoprotein enzyme that transfers electrons from NADPH to cytochrome P450 enzymes, enabling their role in drug metabolism and biosynthesis of endogenous compounds.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| cytochrome P450 reductase canonical | 4 |
| NADPH–cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase | 1 |
| P450 oxidoreductase | 1 |
| diflavin reductases | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10214754 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: cytochrome P450 reductase Context triple: [CYP3A4, electronDonorProtein, cytochrome P450 reductase]
-
A.
CYP2J2
CYP2J2 is a human cytochrome P450 enzyme primarily expressed in the heart and other tissues, involved in the metabolism of various drugs and endogenous fatty acids.
-
B.
catechol-O-methyltransferase
Catechol-O-methyltransferase is an enzyme that inactivates catecholamine neurotransmitters and related drugs by transferring a methyl group to their catechol structures.
-
C.
Flavin
Flavin is a surname most notably associated with American minimalist artist Dan Flavin, renowned for his fluorescent light installations.
-
D.
CYP1A2
CYP1A2 is a liver enzyme of the cytochrome P450 family that plays a key role in the metabolism of various drugs and xenobiotics.
-
E.
CYP3A4
CYP3A4 is a major human liver and intestinal enzyme of the cytochrome P450 family responsible for metabolizing a wide range of drugs and xenobiotics.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: cytochrome P450 reductase Target entity description: Cytochrome P450 reductase is a flavoprotein enzyme that transfers electrons from NADPH to cytochrome P450 enzymes, enabling their role in drug metabolism and biosynthesis of endogenous compounds.
-
A.
CYP2J2
CYP2J2 is a human cytochrome P450 enzyme primarily expressed in the heart and other tissues, involved in the metabolism of various drugs and endogenous fatty acids.
-
B.
catechol-O-methyltransferase
Catechol-O-methyltransferase is an enzyme that inactivates catecholamine neurotransmitters and related drugs by transferring a methyl group to their catechol structures.
-
C.
Flavin
Flavin is a surname most notably associated with American minimalist artist Dan Flavin, renowned for his fluorescent light installations.
-
D.
CYP1A2
CYP1A2 is a liver enzyme of the cytochrome P450 family that plays a key role in the metabolism of various drugs and xenobiotics.
-
E.
CYP3A4
CYP3A4 is a major human liver and intestinal enzyme of the cytochrome P450 family responsible for metabolizing a wide range of drugs and xenobiotics.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
NADPH-dependent reductase
ⓘ
flavoprotein enzyme ⓘ oxidoreductase ⓘ |
| affects |
bioactivation of prodrugs
ⓘ
clearance of many drugs ⓘ formation of reactive drug metabolites ⓘ |
| belongsToFamily |
diflavin reductases
ⓘ
linked to:
cytochrome P450 reductase
|
| catalyzesReaction | NADPH + H+ + 2 ferricytochrome P450 → NADP+ + 2 ferrocytochrome P450 ⓘ |
| electronTransferPathway | NADPH to FAD to FMN to cytochrome P450 heme iron ⓘ |
| enablesProcess |
biosynthesis of endogenous compounds
ⓘ
drug metabolism ⓘ |
| foundIn | endoplasmic reticulum membrane ⓘ |
| hasAlternativeName |
CPR
ⓘ
NADPH–cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase ⓘ
linked to:
cytochrome P450 reductase
P450 oxidoreductase ⓘ
linked to:
cytochrome P450 reductase
|
| hasCofactor |
FAD
ⓘ
FMN ⓘ |
| hasDomain |
FAD-binding domain
ⓘ
FMN-binding domain ⓘ NADPH-binding domain ⓘ |
| hasECNumber | 1.6.2.4 ⓘ |
| hasSubcellularLocation | microsomes ⓘ |
| interactsWith |
cytochrome b5
ⓘ
microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes ⓘ |
| isConservedIn |
many invertebrates
ⓘ
vertebrates ⓘ |
| isEncodedBy | POR gene ⓘ |
| isEssentialFor | microsomal P450 catalytic cycle ⓘ |
| isImportantIn |
hepatic drug metabolism
ⓘ
metabolism of environmental chemicals ⓘ |
| isMembraneBound | true ⓘ |
| isRateLimitingFor | some cytochrome P450-mediated reactions ⓘ |
| isTargetOf | pharmacogenetic studies ⓘ |
| localization | cytosolic side of endoplasmic reticulum ⓘ |
| mutationAssociatedWith |
Antley–Bixler syndrome (POR-related)
ⓘ
POR deficiency ⓘ disorders of steroidogenesis ⓘ |
| participatesIn |
cholesterol metabolism
ⓘ
fatty acid metabolism ⓘ steroid biosynthesis ⓘ xenobiotic metabolism ⓘ |
| presentIn |
humans
ⓘ
mammals ⓘ many eukaryotes ⓘ |
| requires |
NADPH as electron donor
ⓘ
flavin adenine dinucleotide ⓘ flavin mononucleotide ⓘ |
| transfersElectronsTo | cytochrome P450 enzymes ⓘ |
| usesCofactor | NADPH ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: cytochrome P450 reductase Description of subject: Cytochrome P450 reductase is a flavoprotein enzyme that transfers electrons from NADPH to cytochrome P450 enzymes, enabling their role in drug metabolism and biosynthesis of endogenous compounds.
Referenced by (7)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: cytochrome P450 reductase
linked to: cytochrome P450 reductase
linked to: cytochrome P450 reductase