Annex I (species requiring special conservation measures)
E831868
Annex I (species requiring special conservation measures) is a key section of the EU Birds Directive listing bird species that must receive the highest level of protection and targeted conservation actions across EU member states.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Annex I (species requiring special conservation measures) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T9955933 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Annex I (species requiring special conservation measures) Context triple: [EU Birds Directive, containsAnnex, Annex I (species requiring special conservation measures)]
-
A.
Iberian lynx
The Iberian lynx is a critically endangered wild cat native to the Iberian Peninsula, known for its distinctive tufted ears, spotted coat, and reliance on rabbits as its primary prey.
-
B.
Bengal florican
The Bengal florican is a critically endangered bustard species native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, known for the male’s dramatic breeding displays in tall grassland habitats.
-
C.
Cantabrian capercaillie
The Cantabrian capercaillie is a threatened subspecies of Western capercaillie, a large forest-dwelling grouse endemic to the Cantabrian Mountains of northern Spain.
-
D.
Catalogue d’oiseaux
Catalogue d’oiseaux is a monumental solo piano cycle by Olivier Messiaen that transcribes and transforms French birdsong into highly coloristic, spiritually infused music.
-
E.
Mauritius kestrel
The Mauritius kestrel is a small falcon once considered the world’s rarest bird, known for its dramatic recovery from the brink of extinction on the island of Mauritius.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Annex I (species requiring special conservation measures) Target entity description: Annex I (species requiring special conservation measures) is a key section of the EU Birds Directive listing bird species that must receive the highest level of protection and targeted conservation actions across EU member states.
-
A.
Iberian lynx
The Iberian lynx is a critically endangered wild cat native to the Iberian Peninsula, known for its distinctive tufted ears, spotted coat, and reliance on rabbits as its primary prey.
-
B.
Bengal florican
The Bengal florican is a critically endangered bustard species native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, known for the male’s dramatic breeding displays in tall grassland habitats.
-
C.
Cantabrian capercaillie
The Cantabrian capercaillie is a threatened subspecies of Western capercaillie, a large forest-dwelling grouse endemic to the Cantabrian Mountains of northern Spain.
-
D.
Catalogue d’oiseaux
Catalogue d’oiseaux is a monumental solo piano cycle by Olivier Messiaen that transcribes and transforms French birdsong into highly coloristic, spiritually infused music.
-
E.
Mauritius kestrel
The Mauritius kestrel is a small falcon once considered the world’s rarest bird, known for its dramatic recovery from the brink of extinction on the island of Mauritius.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
EU environmental law instrument
ⓘ
legal annex ⓘ |
| aimsTo | ensure survival and reproduction of listed bird species in their area of distribution ⓘ |
| appliesToJurisdiction | European Union ⓘ |
| associatedWithArticle | Article 4 of the EU Birds Directive ⓘ |
| contributesTo |
EU biodiversity policy objectives
ⓘ
implementation of international bird conservation agreements ⓘ |
| covers |
populations of wild birds
ⓘ
subspecies of wild birds ⓘ wild bird species ⓘ |
| criterionFor | identification of Special Protection Areas ⓘ |
| defines | list of bird species requiring special conservation measures ⓘ |
| enteredIntoForceWith |
Directive 79/409/EEC on the conservation of wild birds
ⓘ
linked to:
EU Birds Directive
|
| focusesOn |
species requiring particular attention regarding habitat conservation
ⓘ
species that are endangered ⓘ species that are rare ⓘ species that are threatened with extinction ⓘ species that are vulnerable ⓘ |
| hasConservationObjective |
maintain listed species at a level corresponding to ecological, scientific and cultural requirements
ⓘ
restore listed species to a satisfactory conservation status ⓘ |
| hasLegalStatus | binding on EU Member States ⓘ |
| implementedThrough |
Special Protection Areas (SPAs)
ⓘ
linked to:
Special Protection Area
|
| influences | national bird conservation strategies in EU Member States ⓘ |
| language | all official languages of the European Union ⓘ |
| legalBasisFor | special conservation measures for listed bird species ⓘ |
| legalNature | annex to an EU directive ⓘ |
| linkedToObligation | designation of Special Protection Areas ⓘ |
| maintainedBy | European Commission ⓘ |
| partOf |
Directive 2009/147/EC
ⓘ
EU Birds Directive ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Annex II of the EU Birds Directive
ⓘ
Annex III of the EU Birds Directive ⓘ Natura 2000 network ⓘ |
| requires |
highest level of protection for listed bird species
ⓘ
targeted conservation actions for listed bird species ⓘ |
| requiresFromMemberStates |
avoid habitat deterioration for listed species in Special Protection Areas
ⓘ
avoid significant disturbance of listed species ⓘ classify territories as Special Protection Areas for listed species ⓘ take special conservation measures to maintain or restore habitats of listed species ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
conservation of wild birds
ⓘ
habitat protection for bird species ⓘ |
| updatedBy | amendments to the EU Birds Directive ⓘ |
| usedBy |
EU institutions
ⓘ
linked to:
European institutions
conservation NGOs ⓘ national conservation authorities ⓘ |
| usedIn | site selection for Natura 2000 network ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Annex I (species requiring special conservation measures) Description of subject: Annex I (species requiring special conservation measures) is a key section of the EU Birds Directive listing bird species that must receive the highest level of protection and targeted conservation actions across EU member states.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.