Skinner v. Oklahoma
E362099
Skinner v. Oklahoma is a landmark 1942 U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down a state law mandating the sterilization of certain criminal offenders, recognizing procreation as a fundamental right under the Equal Protection Clause.
All labels observed (4)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3488652 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Skinner v. Oklahoma Context triple: [United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court, includesCase, Skinner v. Oklahoma]
-
A.
Strickland v. Washington
Strickland v. Washington is a landmark 1984 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the two-pronged test for determining when a criminal defendant’s right to effective assistance of counsel has been violated.
-
B.
Powell v. Alabama
Powell v. Alabama is a landmark 1932 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held in capital cases the Due Process Clause requires defendants be given access to effective legal counsel, especially when they are young, illiterate, or otherwise disadvantaged.
-
C.
Craig v. Boren
Craig v. Boren is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court case that established intermediate scrutiny as the standard for evaluating gender-based classifications under the Equal Protection Clause.
-
D.
Escobedo v. Illinois
Escobedo v. Illinois is a landmark 1964 U.S. Supreme Court case that expanded the Sixth Amendment right to counsel during police interrogations and helped lay the groundwork for the later Miranda warnings.
-
E.
Coker v. Georgia
Coker v. Georgia is a 1977 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the death penalty is a disproportionate punishment for the crime of raping an adult woman, thereby limiting the application of capital punishment under the Eighth Amendment.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Skinner v. Oklahoma Target entity description: Skinner v. Oklahoma is a landmark 1942 U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down a state law mandating the sterilization of certain criminal offenders, recognizing procreation as a fundamental right under the Equal Protection Clause.
-
A.
Strickland v. Washington
Strickland v. Washington is a landmark 1984 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the two-pronged test for determining when a criminal defendant’s right to effective assistance of counsel has been violated.
-
B.
Powell v. Alabama
Powell v. Alabama is a landmark 1932 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held in capital cases the Due Process Clause requires defendants be given access to effective legal counsel, especially when they are young, illiterate, or otherwise disadvantaged.
-
C.
Craig v. Boren
Craig v. Boren is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court case that established intermediate scrutiny as the standard for evaluating gender-based classifications under the Equal Protection Clause.
-
D.
Escobedo v. Illinois
Escobedo v. Illinois is a landmark 1964 U.S. Supreme Court case that expanded the Sixth Amendment right to counsel during police interrogations and helped lay the groundwork for the later Miranda warnings.
-
E.
Coker v. Georgia
Coker v. Georgia is a 1977 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the death penalty is a disproportionate punishment for the crime of raping an adult woman, thereby limiting the application of capital punishment under the Eighth Amendment.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
landmark decision ⓘ |
| areaOfImpact |
compulsory sterilization jurisprudence
ⓘ
eugenics laws in the United States ⓘ reproductive autonomy ⓘ |
| category |
United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court
ⓘ
United States equal protection case law ⓘ United States reproductive rights case law ⓘ |
| chiefJusticeAtDecision |
Harlan F. Stone
ⓘ
linked to:
Justice Harlan F. Stone
|
| citation | 316 U.S. 535 ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted |
Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
ⓘ
linked to:
Equal Protection Clause
|
| countryOfOrigin |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1942-06-01 ⓘ |
| decisionType | unanimous decision ⓘ |
| distinguishedFrom |
Buck v. Bell
ⓘ
linked to:
Buck v. Bell opinion
|
| fullName |
Skinner v. Oklahoma ex rel. Williamson
ⓘ
linked to:
Skinner v. Oklahoma
|
| historicalContext | decided during the era of American eugenics laws ⓘ |
| holding |
Oklahoma's Habitual Criminal Sterilization Act violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
ⓘ
linked to:
Skinner v. Oklahoma
Procreation is a fundamental right subject to strict scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause ⓘ |
| issue | constitutionality of compulsory sterilization of certain criminal offenders ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| languageOfRecord | English ⓘ |
| lawChallenged |
Oklahoma Habitual Criminal Sterilization Act
ⓘ
linked to:
Skinner v. Oklahoma
|
| legalPrinciple |
classification of crimes for sterilization must meet equal protection requirements
ⓘ
laws that infringe on fundamental rights are subject to strict scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause ⓘ procreation is one of the basic civil rights of man ⓘ |
| legalSubject |
constitutional law
ⓘ
criminal law ⓘ equal protection ⓘ reproductive rights ⓘ |
| opinionOfTheCourtBy |
Justice William O. Douglas
ⓘ
linked to:
William O. Douglas
|
| pageInUnitedStatesReports | 535 ⓘ |
| petitioner | Jack T. Skinner ⓘ |
| precedentFor |
cases recognizing procreation as a fundamental right
ⓘ
later equal protection cases involving fundamental rights ⓘ |
| recognizedRight |
bodily integrity in the context of sterilization
ⓘ
right to procreate ⓘ |
| relatedDoctrine |
fundamental rights
ⓘ
strict scrutiny ⓘ substantive due process ⓘ |
| remedy | state was barred from enforcing the sterilization statute against the petitioner ⓘ |
| respondent | State of Oklahoma ex rel. Williamson ⓘ |
| result | Oklahoma sterilization order against Jack Skinner was invalidated ⓘ |
| stateLawAtIssue | Oklahoma ⓘ |
| volumeInUnitedStatesReports | 316 ⓘ |
| vote | 9-0 ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1942 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Skinner v. Oklahoma Description of subject: Skinner v. Oklahoma is a landmark 1942 U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down a state law mandating the sterilization of certain criminal offenders, recognizing procreation as a fundamental right under the Equal Protection Clause.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Skinner v. Oklahoma
Skinner v. Oklahoma
→
holding
→
Oklahoma's Habitual Criminal Sterilization Act violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
ⓘ
linked to: Skinner v. Oklahoma
linked to: Skinner v. Oklahoma