Graham v. Florida
E266468
Graham v. Florida is a landmark 2010 U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that sentencing juveniles to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for non-homicide offenses violates the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishments.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Graham v. Florida canonical | 4 |
| Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. 48 (2010) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2435110 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Graham v. Florida Context triple: [Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution, centralIssueInCase, Graham v. Florida]
-
A.
Strickland v. Washington
Strickland v. Washington is a landmark 1984 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the two-pronged test for determining when a criminal defendant’s right to effective assistance of counsel has been violated.
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B.
United States v. Booker
United States v. Booker is a landmark 2005 U.S. Supreme Court decision that rendered the Federal Sentencing Guidelines advisory rather than mandatory to preserve their constitutionality under the Sixth Amendment.
-
C.
Gideon v. Wainwright
Gideon v. Wainwright is a landmark 1963 U.S. Supreme Court decision that guaranteed the right to court-appointed counsel for criminal defendants who cannot afford an attorney.
-
D.
Glossip v. Gross
Glossip v. Gross is a 2015 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the use of a particular lethal injection drug protocol in executions against Eighth Amendment challenges.
-
E.
Furman v. Georgia
Furman v. Georgia is a landmark 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that temporarily halted capital punishment nationwide by ruling existing death penalty schemes unconstitutional under the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Graham v. Florida Target entity description: Graham v. Florida is a landmark 2010 U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that sentencing juveniles to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for non-homicide offenses violates the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishments.
-
A.
Strickland v. Washington
Strickland v. Washington is a landmark 1984 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the two-pronged test for determining when a criminal defendant’s right to effective assistance of counsel has been violated.
-
B.
United States v. Booker
United States v. Booker is a landmark 2005 U.S. Supreme Court decision that rendered the Federal Sentencing Guidelines advisory rather than mandatory to preserve their constitutionality under the Sixth Amendment.
-
C.
Gideon v. Wainwright
Gideon v. Wainwright is a landmark 1963 U.S. Supreme Court decision that guaranteed the right to court-appointed counsel for criminal defendants who cannot afford an attorney.
-
D.
Glossip v. Gross
Glossip v. Gross is a 2015 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the use of a particular lethal injection drug protocol in executions against Eighth Amendment challenges.
-
E.
Furman v. Georgia
Furman v. Georgia is a landmark 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that temporarily halted capital punishment nationwide by ruling existing death penalty schemes unconstitutional under the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
landmark decision ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
constitutional law
ⓘ
criminal law ⓘ juvenile justice ⓘ |
| arguedDate | 2009-11-09 ⓘ |
| category |
2010 in United States case law
ⓘ
United States Supreme Court cases involving juvenile justice ⓘ United States Supreme Court cases on the Eighth Amendment ⓘ |
| citation | 560 U.S. 48 ⓘ |
| concurrenceBy | John G. Roberts Jr. ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted | Eighth Amendment ⓘ |
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 2010-05-17 ⓘ |
| decisionType | constitutional ruling ⓘ |
| dissentBy |
Antonin Scalia
ⓘ
Clarence Thomas ⓘ Samuel A. Alito Jr. ⓘ |
| docketNumber | 08-7412 ⓘ |
| effect | invalidated life without parole sentences for juvenile non-homicide offenders nationwide ⓘ |
| fullName | Graham v. Florida ⓘ |
| holding |
States must provide juvenile non-homicide offenders with a meaningful opportunity to obtain release based on demonstrated maturity and rehabilitation.
ⓘ
The Eighth Amendment prohibits sentencing a juvenile offender to life imprisonment without parole for a non-homicide offense. ⓘ |
| jurisdiction | federal ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution
ⓘ
cruel and unusual punishments ⓘ juvenile sentencing ⓘ |
| majorityJustices |
Anthony M. Kennedy
ⓘ
John G. Roberts Jr. ⓘ John Paul Stevens ⓘ Ruth Bader Ginsburg ⓘ Samuel A. Alito Jr. ⓘ Sonia Sotomayor ⓘ Stephen G. Breyer ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy | Anthony M. Kennedy ⓘ |
| petitioner | Terrance Jamar Graham ⓘ |
| precedentStatus | binding on all U.S. state and federal courts ⓘ |
| ratioDecidendi | Juveniles have diminished culpability and greater prospects for reform, making life without parole for non-homicide offenses disproportionate. ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
Miller v. Alabama
ⓘ
Montgomery v. Louisiana ⓘ Roper v. Simmons ⓘ |
| respondent |
State of Florida
ⓘ
linked to:
Florida
|
| standardAnnounced | meaningful opportunity for release based on maturity and rehabilitation ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
life imprisonment without parole
ⓘ
sentencing of juvenile offenders ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 2010 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Graham v. Florida Description of subject: Graham v. Florida is a landmark 2010 U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that sentencing juveniles to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for non-homicide offenses violates the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishments.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Graham v. Florida