Outer Space Treaty

E26340

United Nations treaty international treaty space law treaty

The Outer Space Treaty is the foundational international agreement that sets the basic legal framework for the peaceful, non-sovereign use and exploration of outer space by states.

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All labels observed (5)

Label	Occurrences
Outer Space Treaty canonical	21
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies	13
Outer Space Treaty of 1967	3
Outer Space Treaty (1967)	1
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T206482 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Outer Space Treaty
Context triple: [Moon, governingTreaty, Outer Space Treaty]

A. National Aeronautics and Space Act
The National Aeronautics and Space Act is the 1958 U.S. federal law that created NASA and established the nation’s civilian space program and aerospace research framework.
B. Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty was a 1972 arms control agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union that limited missile defense systems to preserve the balance of nuclear deterrence during the Cold War.
C. Antarctic Treaty System
The Antarctic Treaty System is an international legal framework that regulates activities in Antarctica, preserving it for peaceful, scientific use and suspending territorial sovereignty claims.
D. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea is an international treaty that defines nations’ rights and responsibilities in the world’s oceans, including maritime boundaries, resource exploitation, navigation, and environmental protection.
E. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations
The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations is a key international treaty that codifies the rules and protections governing diplomatic missions and their personnel between sovereign states.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Outer Space Treaty
Target entity description: The Outer Space Treaty is the foundational international agreement that sets the basic legal framework for the peaceful, non-sovereign use and exploration of outer space by states.

A. National Aeronautics and Space Act
The National Aeronautics and Space Act is the 1958 U.S. federal law that created NASA and established the nation’s civilian space program and aerospace research framework.
B. Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty was a 1972 arms control agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union that limited missile defense systems to preserve the balance of nuclear deterrence during the Cold War.
C. Antarctic Treaty System
The Antarctic Treaty System is an international legal framework that regulates activities in Antarctica, preserving it for peaceful, scientific use and suspending territorial sovereignty claims.
D. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea is an international treaty that defines nations’ rights and responsibilities in the world’s oceans, including maritime boundaries, resource exploitation, navigation, and environmental protection.
E. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations
The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations is a key international treaty that codifies the rules and protections governing diplomatic missions and their personnel between sovereign states.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (59)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	United Nations treaty ⓘ international treaty ⓘ space law treaty ⓘ
adoptedBy	United Nations General Assembly ⓘ
adoptionResolution	UN General Assembly Resolution 2222 (XXI) ⓘ
appliesTo	Moon ⓘ other celestial bodies ⓘ outer space ⓘ
defines	astronauts as envoys of mankind ⓘ
depository	Russian Federation ⓘ linked to: Russia United Kingdom ⓘ United States ⓘ linked to: United States of America
enteredIntoForceOn	1967-10-10 ⓘ
enteredIntoForceStatus	in force ⓘ
foundationFor	modern international space law ⓘ
fullName	Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ linked to: Outer Space Treaty
initialSignatoriesIncluded	Soviet Union ⓘ United Kingdom ⓘ United States ⓘ linked to: United States of America
language	Arabic ⓘ Chinese ⓘ English ⓘ French ⓘ Russian ⓘ Spanish ⓘ
negotiatedDuring	Cold War ⓘ
obliges	states to avoid adverse changes in the environment of the Earth resulting from space activities ⓘ states to avoid harmful contamination of outer space and celestial bodies ⓘ
openedForSignatureOn	1967-01-27 ⓘ
placeSigned	London ⓘ linked to: London, England Moscow ⓘ Washington, D.C. ⓘ
principle	avoidance of harmful contamination of space and celestial bodies ⓘ freedom of exploration and use of outer space ⓘ international responsibility for national space activities ⓘ liability for damage caused by space objects ⓘ non-appropriation of outer space ⓘ peaceful purposes of outer space ⓘ use of the Moon and other celestial bodies exclusively for peaceful purposes ⓘ
prohibits	conduct of military maneuvers on the Moon and other celestial bodies ⓘ establishment of military bases on the Moon and other celestial bodies ⓘ national appropriation of outer space by claim of sovereignty ⓘ national appropriation of the Moon and other celestial bodies ⓘ placement of nuclear weapons in orbit ⓘ placement of weapons of mass destruction in outer space ⓘ testing of weapons on the Moon and other celestial bodies ⓘ
relatedTo	Liability Convention ⓘ Moon Agreement ⓘ linked to: Moon Agreement (limited signatories) Registration Convention ⓘ Rescue Agreement ⓘ
requires	authorization and continuing supervision of non-governmental space activities by states parties ⓘ due regard to the corresponding interests of all other states parties ⓘ international responsibility of states for national activities in outer space ⓘ prompt assistance to astronauts in distress ⓘ registration of space objects through appropriate channels ⓘ
scope	activities of states in outer space ⓘ exploration and use of outer space ⓘ
shortName	Outer Space Treaty ⓘ
subject	space law ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (39)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Moon → governingTreaty → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Outer Space Treaty → fullName → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Outer Space Treaty → shortName → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Moon Agreement → buildsOn → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

subject linked to: Moon Agreement (limited signatories)

Space Race → ledTo → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Artemis Accords → basedOn → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs → administers → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

UN General Assembly Resolution 2222 (XXI) → relatesToTreaty → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

UN General Assembly Resolution 2222 (XXI) → shortNameOfRelatedTreaty → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

UN General Assembly Resolution 2222 (XXI) → opensForSignature → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Rescue Agreement → basedOn → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Rescue Agreement → elaboratesOn → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Rescue Agreement → relatedTo → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Liability Convention → relatedTo → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Registration Convention → complements → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Registration Convention → relatedTo → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

United Nations General Assembly resolution 34/68 → relatedInstrument → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

United States commercial space policy → basedOn → Outer Space Treaty of 1967 ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Treaties of the Cold War → includesTreaty → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

United Nations General Assembly resolution 1472 (XIV) → precedes → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects Launched into Outer Space → relatedTo → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects → relatedTo → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Principles Governing the Use by States of Artificial Earth Satellites for International Direct Television Broadcasting → basedOn → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Principles Relating to Remote Sensing of the Earth from Outer Space → basedOn → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Principles Relating to Remote Sensing of the Earth from Outer Space → basedOn → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space → basedOn → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space → relatedTo → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Legal Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space → topicOfWork → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space → influenced → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

United States National Space Policy → legalContext → Outer Space Treaty of 1967 ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Resolution 2345 (XXII) → basedOn → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Resolution 2345 (XXII) → implementsPrinciplesOf → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

United Nations space treaties → includes → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

United Nations space treaties → includes → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Treaties of the Soviet Union → hasPart → Outer Space Treaty (1967) ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

Treaties of the Soviet Union → hasPart → Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

United Nations General Assembly resolution 54/68 → references → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

Registration Convention of 1975 → relatedTo → Outer Space Treaty ⓘ

U.S. Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act of 2015 → relatedTo → Outer Space Treaty of 1967 ⓘ

linked to: Outer Space Treaty

All labels observed (5)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (59)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (39)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited