McDonald v. City of Chicago

E177752

Second Amendment case United States Supreme Court case incorporation doctrine case landmark decision

McDonald v. City of Chicago is a 2010 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms applies to state and local governments through the Fourteenth Amendment.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
McDonald v. City of Chicago canonical	10
McDonald et al. v. City of Chicago, Illinois, et al.	1
U.S. Supreme Court decision McDonald v. City of Chicago	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1538944 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: McDonald v. City of Chicago
Context triple: [Incorporation doctrine, keyCase, McDonald v. City of Chicago]

A. McDonald v. Smith
McDonald v. Smith is a 1985 U.S. Supreme Court case that held the First Amendment’s Petition Clause does not grant absolute immunity from libel suits for statements made in petitions to government officials.
B. National Socialist Party of America v. Village of Skokie
National Socialist Party of America v. Village of Skokie is a landmark 1977 U.S. Supreme Court case that affirmed the First Amendment rights of a neo-Nazi group to march in a predominantly Jewish community despite widespread opposition.
C. Citizens to Preserve Overton Park v. Volpe
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park v. Volpe is a landmark 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case that significantly limited federal agencies’ discretion in approving highway construction through public parks and strengthened judicial review of administrative decisions.
D. Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
Fulton v. City of Philadelphia is a 2021 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court unanimously ruled that Philadelphia violated a Catholic foster care agency’s religious freedom by excluding it from the foster program over its refusal to certify same-sex couples.
E. Escobedo v. Illinois
Escobedo v. Illinois is a landmark 1964 U.S. Supreme Court case that expanded the Sixth Amendment right to counsel during police interrogations and helped lay the groundwork for the later Miranda warnings.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: McDonald v. City of Chicago
Target entity description: McDonald v. City of Chicago is a 2010 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms applies to state and local governments through the Fourteenth Amendment.

A. McDonald v. Smith
McDonald v. Smith is a 1985 U.S. Supreme Court case that held the First Amendment’s Petition Clause does not grant absolute immunity from libel suits for statements made in petitions to government officials.
B. National Socialist Party of America v. Village of Skokie
National Socialist Party of America v. Village of Skokie is a landmark 1977 U.S. Supreme Court case that affirmed the First Amendment rights of a neo-Nazi group to march in a predominantly Jewish community despite widespread opposition.
C. Citizens to Preserve Overton Park v. Volpe
Citizens to Preserve Overton Park v. Volpe is a landmark 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case that significantly limited federal agencies’ discretion in approving highway construction through public parks and strengthened judicial review of administrative decisions.
D. Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
Fulton v. City of Philadelphia is a 2021 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court unanimously ruled that Philadelphia violated a Catholic foster care agency’s religious freedom by excluding it from the foster program over its refusal to certify same-sex couples.
E. Escobedo v. Illinois
Escobedo v. Illinois is a landmark 1964 U.S. Supreme Court case that expanded the Sixth Amendment right to counsel during police interrogations and helped lay the groundwork for the later Miranda warnings.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Second Amendment case ⓘ United States Supreme Court case ⓘ incorporation doctrine case ⓘ landmark decision ⓘ
areaOfLaw	civil rights ⓘ constitutional law ⓘ gun rights ⓘ
arguedDate	March 2, 2010 ⓘ
citation	561 U.S. 742 ⓘ
concurringInPartAndInJudgmentBy	Clarence Thomas ⓘ
constitutionalProvisionInterpreted	Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ linked to: Fourteenth Amendment Second Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ
court	Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ
decisionDate	June 28, 2010 ⓘ
decisionType	5–4 decision ⓘ
dissentingJustices	John Paul Stevens ⓘ Ruth Bader Ginsburg ⓘ Sonia Sotomayor ⓘ Stephen G. Breyer ⓘ
docketNumber	08-1521 ⓘ
followedBy	subsequent Second Amendment challenges to state and local gun regulations ⓘ
fourteenthAmendmentClauseUsed	Due Process Clause ⓘ
fullName	McDonald et al. v. City of Chicago, Illinois, et al. ⓘ linked to: McDonald v. City of Chicago
holding	The Second Amendment applies to state and local governments through the Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ The Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms is fully applicable to the states ⓘ
incorporationDoctrine	selective incorporation ⓘ
jurisdiction	United States ⓘ linked to: United States of America
legalIssue	whether the Second Amendment is incorporated against the states ⓘ
litigationStarted	2008 ⓘ
majorityOpinionBy	Samuel A. Alito Jr. ⓘ
originatingCourt	United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit ⓘ
overturnedLaw	Chicago handgun ban ⓘ Oak Park, Illinois handgun ban ⓘ
petitioner	Otis McDonald ⓘ
pluralityJustices	Anthony M. Kennedy ⓘ Antonin Scalia ⓘ John G. Roberts Jr. ⓘ Samuel A. Alito Jr. ⓘ
precedentReliedOn	District of Columbia v. Heller ⓘ
relatedConcept	incorporation of the Bill of Rights ⓘ individual right to keep and bear arms ⓘ
reporter	United States Reports ⓘ
respondent	City of Chicago ⓘ
rightCharacterization	fundamental right ⓘ
seventhCircuitHolding	Second Amendment not incorporated against the states ⓘ
subsequentImpact	extended Heller’s Second Amendment protections beyond federal enclaves ⓘ limited ability of states and municipalities to ban handguns ⓘ
supremeCourtActionOnSeventhCircuit	reversed ⓘ
volume	561 ⓘ
year	2010 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (12)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Incorporation doctrine → keyCase → McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ

Second Amendment to the United States Constitution → hasLandmarkCase → McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ

Second Amendment to the United States Constitution → interpretedIn → McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ

District of Columbia v. Heller → relatedCase → McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ

Timbs v. Indiana → relatedCase → McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ

McDonald v. City of Chicago → fullName → McDonald et al. v. City of Chicago, Illinois, et al. ⓘ

linked to: McDonald v. City of Chicago

United States Supreme Court cases → hasPart → McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ

New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen → relatedToCase → McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ

New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen → clarifiesPrecedent → McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ

Roberts Court → landmarkCase → McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ

Otis McDonald → partyTo → McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ

Otis McDonald → describedBySource → U.S. Supreme Court decision McDonald v. City of Chicago ⓘ