Shipping Act of 1984
E158686
The Shipping Act of 1984 is a U.S. federal law that modernized and deregulated the international ocean shipping industry by promoting competition and reducing government oversight of carrier agreements and practices.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Shipping Act of 1984 canonical | 13 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1380300 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Shipping Act of 1984 Context triple: [Shipping Act of 1916, relatedTo, Shipping Act of 1984]
-
A.
Shipping Act of 1916
The Shipping Act of 1916 was a foundational U.S. maritime law that established federal regulation of ocean shipping practices and created the United States Shipping Board to oversee fair competition and rates in international trade.
-
B.
Merchant Marine Act of 1970
The Merchant Marine Act of 1970 is a U.S. federal law that updated and expanded national maritime policy, including shipbuilding and fleet modernization programs, to strengthen the American merchant marine.
-
C.
Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947
The Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947 is a U.S. federal law that clarified and limited employers’ liability for compensating workers’ preliminary and postliminary activities under the Fair Labor Standards Act.
-
D.
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 is a landmark U.S. federal law that reoriented national transportation policy toward integrated, multimodal planning and investment, emphasizing flexibility, environmental considerations, and state and local decision-making.
-
E.
Postal Reorganization Act of 1970
The Postal Reorganization Act of 1970 is a U.S. federal law that transformed the Post Office Department into the independent United States Postal Service and modernized the nation’s postal system.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Shipping Act of 1984 Target entity description: The Shipping Act of 1984 is a U.S. federal law that modernized and deregulated the international ocean shipping industry by promoting competition and reducing government oversight of carrier agreements and practices.
-
A.
Shipping Act of 1916
The Shipping Act of 1916 was a foundational U.S. maritime law that established federal regulation of ocean shipping practices and created the United States Shipping Board to oversee fair competition and rates in international trade.
-
B.
Merchant Marine Act of 1970
The Merchant Marine Act of 1970 is a U.S. federal law that updated and expanded national maritime policy, including shipbuilding and fleet modernization programs, to strengthen the American merchant marine.
-
C.
Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947
The Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947 is a U.S. federal law that clarified and limited employers’ liability for compensating workers’ preliminary and postliminary activities under the Fair Labor Standards Act.
-
D.
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 is a landmark U.S. federal law that reoriented national transportation policy toward integrated, multimodal planning and investment, emphasizing flexibility, environmental considerations, and state and local decision-making.
-
E.
Postal Reorganization Act of 1970
The Postal Reorganization Act of 1970 is a U.S. federal law that transformed the Post Office Department into the independent United States Postal Service and modernized the nation’s postal system.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal statute
ⓘ
maritime law ⓘ shipping regulation ⓘ |
| administeredBy |
Federal Maritime Commission
ⓘ
linked to:
United States Federal Maritime Commission
|
| affects |
ocean common carrier conferences
ⓘ
shippers engaged in U.S. foreign commerce ⓘ |
| amendedBy |
Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998
ⓘ
Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022 ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
international ocean shipping
ⓘ
marine terminal operators ⓘ ocean common carriers ⓘ ocean transportation intermediaries ⓘ |
| branch | legislative branch of the United States ⓘ |
| codifiedIn | Title 46 of the United States Code ⓘ |
| containsProvision |
antitrust immunity for certain carrier agreements
ⓘ
prohibitions on unreasonable or unjustly discriminatory practices ⓘ requirements for common carriers to establish tariffs ⓘ requirements for filing agreements with the Federal Maritime Commission ⓘ rules for service contracts between shippers and carriers ⓘ |
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| effect |
increased flexibility for service contracts between shippers and carriers
ⓘ
reduced direct government control over ocean carrier pricing and agreements ⓘ |
| enforcedBy |
Federal Maritime Commission
ⓘ
linked to:
United States Federal Maritime Commission
|
| goal |
encourage a competitive and efficient ocean transportation system
ⓘ
modernize U.S. shipping regulation ⓘ promote competition in international ocean shipping ⓘ reduce government oversight of carrier agreements ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States federal government
ⓘ
linked to:
United States government
|
| legalCitation | 46 U.S.C. app. §§ 1701–1720 (original codification) ⓘ |
| policyType | deregulation statute ⓘ |
| purpose |
ensure an efficient and economic transportation system in U.S. foreign commerce
ⓘ
promote the growth and development of U.S. exports through competitive and efficient ocean transportation ⓘ |
| regulates |
carrier agreements
ⓘ
conference agreements ⓘ ocean shipping practices ⓘ service contracts ⓘ tariff publication ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Federal Maritime Commission
ⓘ
linked to:
United States Federal Maritime Commission
Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 ⓘ Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022 ⓘ Shipping Act of 1916 ⓘ |
| replaced | much of the Shipping Act of 1916 ⓘ |
| signedBy | President of the United States ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
competition policy in maritime shipping
ⓘ
ocean transportation in U.S. foreign commerce ⓘ regulation of common carriers by water ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 1984 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Shipping Act of 1984 Description of subject: The Shipping Act of 1984 is a U.S. federal law that modernized and deregulated the international ocean shipping industry by promoting competition and reducing government oversight of carrier agreements and practices.
Referenced by (13)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.