Hokan languages

E11435

Hokan languages are a proposed but controversial grouping of several Native American language families of the western United States and Mexico that share certain typological and lexical similarities.

All labels observed (10)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (46)

Predicate Object
instanceOf hypothetical language family
linguistic hypothesis
proposed language macrofamily
basisOfGrouping phonological similarities
shared lexical items
shared morphological patterns
continent North America
documentationStatus many member languages extinct or endangered
fieldOfStudy Native American linguistics
historical linguistics
hasCharacteristic lexical similarities among member languages
typological similarities among member languages
hasIssue insufficient regular sound correspondences demonstrated
lack of consensus on membership of families
possible influence of language contact
hasSubgroup California Hokan
Northern Hokan
linked to: Hokan languages

Southern Hokan
linked to: Hokan languages
includes Chimariko language
Coahuiltecan languages
Esselen language
Karuk language
Pomoan languages
linked to: Miwok languages

Salinan language
Seri language
Shasta language
Tequistlatecan languages
Washo language
Yana language
Yokutsan languages
Yuman languages
namedAfter word for two in several proposed member languages
proposalDate early 20th century
proposedBy Alfred L. Kroeber
Roland B. Dixon
region Mexico
western United States
relatedConcept Amerind hypothesis
Penutian languages
spokenIn Arizona
Baja California
California
Oregon
northwestern Mexico
status controversial
not widely accepted by historical linguists

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (37)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Yuman language family subclassOf Hokan languages
Hokan languages hasSubgroup Northern Hokan
linked to: Hokan languages
Hokan languages hasSubgroup Southern Hokan
linked to: Hokan languages
Cocopa language languageFamily Hokan (proposed) language family
linked to: Hokan languages
Ipai language languageFamily Hokan (proposed) language family
linked to: Hokan languages
Havasupai–Hualapai language partOf Hokan language stock (proposed)
linked to: Hokan languages
Kumeyaay language languageFamily Hokan language family
subject linked to: Kumeyaay people
linked to: Hokan languages
Upland Yuman subclassOf Hokan languages (proposed)
linked to: Hokan languages
Tipai partOf Hokan language phylum (proposed)
linked to: Hokan languages
Yana language subclassOf Hokan language family (proposed)
linked to: Hokan languages
Salinan language languageFamily Hokan languages
California Hokan partOf Hokan language family
linked to: Hokan languages
Shasta language languageFamily Hokan languages
Shasta language hasCategory Hokan languages
Chimariko language isPartOf Hokan language phylum (hypothetical)
linked to: Hokan languages
Esselen language possibleFamily Hokan languages
Karok languageFamily Hokan languages
Cocopah people languageFamily Hokan language family (proposed)
linked to: Hokan languages
Karuk people languageFamily Hokan languages
Salinan people languageFamily Hokan languages
Mission Indians languageFamily Hokan languages
Hokan (proposed) hasSubgroupProposed Northern Hokan
linked to: Hokan languages
Hokan (proposed) hasSubgroupProposed Southern Hokan
linked to: Hokan languages
Havasupai–Walapai–Yavapai partOf Hokan language phylum (proposed)
linked to: Hokan languages
Core Yuman subclassOf Hokan languages (proposed)
linked to: Hokan languages
Mesa Grande Diegueño languageFamily Hokan (proposed) language family
linked to: Hokan languages
Delta–California Yuman subclassOf Hokan languages (proposed)
linked to: Hokan languages
Shastan subclassOf Hokan languages
Shastan languages subclassOf Hokan languages
Scott Valley Shasta languageFamily Hokan languages
Pomoan languages subclassOf Hokan languages
Yana people languageFamily Hokan languages
Konomihu languageFamily Hokan languages
Chimariko people linguisticFamily Hokan language family (proposed)
linked to: Hokan languages
Shasta languageFamily Hokan language family
linked to: Hokan languages