Onchocerca volvulus
E95575
Onchocerca volvulus is a parasitic roundworm that causes river blindness (onchocerciasis) in humans, transmitted by the bites of infected blackflies.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Onchocerca volvulus canonical | 6 |
| Onchocerca | 1 |
| OnchocercaVolvulus | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T776145 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Onchocerca volvulus Context triple: [Nematoda, includesTaxon, Onchocerca volvulus]
-
A.
Wuchereria bancrofti
Wuchereria bancrofti is a parasitic filarial nematode that infects the human lymphatic system and is the primary cause of lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis) worldwide.
-
B.
Brugia malayi
Brugia malayi is a parasitic roundworm that infects humans and causes lymphatic filariasis, a tropical disease characterized by swelling and damage to the lymphatic system.
-
C.
Ascaris lumbricoides
Ascaris lumbricoides is a large parasitic roundworm that infects the human intestine and is a common cause of ascariasis worldwide.
-
D.
Enterobius vermicularis
Enterobius vermicularis is a small parasitic pinworm that commonly infects the human intestine, especially in children, causing enterobiasis characterized by perianal itching.
-
E.
Nematoda
Nematoda is a diverse phylum of elongated, unsegmented roundworms found in nearly every habitat on Earth, many of which are important parasites of plants, animals, and humans.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Onchocerca volvulus Target entity description: Onchocerca volvulus is a parasitic roundworm that causes river blindness (onchocerciasis) in humans, transmitted by the bites of infected blackflies.
-
A.
Wuchereria bancrofti
Wuchereria bancrofti is a parasitic filarial nematode that infects the human lymphatic system and is the primary cause of lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis) worldwide.
-
B.
Brugia malayi
Brugia malayi is a parasitic roundworm that infects humans and causes lymphatic filariasis, a tropical disease characterized by swelling and damage to the lymphatic system.
-
C.
Ascaris lumbricoides
Ascaris lumbricoides is a large parasitic roundworm that infects the human intestine and is a common cause of ascariasis worldwide.
-
D.
Enterobius vermicularis
Enterobius vermicularis is a small parasitic pinworm that commonly infects the human intestine, especially in children, causing enterobiasis characterized by perianal itching.
-
E.
Nematoda
Nematoda is a diverse phylum of elongated, unsegmented roundworms found in nearly every habitat on Earth, many of which are important parasites of plants, animals, and humans.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
parasitic nematode
ⓘ
roundworm ⓘ species ⓘ |
| causes |
onchocerciasis
ⓘ
river blindness ⓘ |
| controlProgram |
African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control
ⓘ
Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa ⓘ |
| controlStrategy | mass drug administration with ivermectin ⓘ |
| describedBy | Rudolph Leuckart ⓘ |
| discoveredBy | Rudolph Leuckart ⓘ |
| diseaseType | neglected tropical disease agent ⓘ |
| drugSusceptibility |
doxycycline
ⓘ
ivermectin ⓘ |
| endemicRegion |
Yemen
ⓘ
parts of Latin America ⓘ sub-Saharan Africa ⓘ
linked to:
Sub-Saharan Africa
|
| family | Onchocercidae ⓘ |
| genus |
Onchocerca
ⓘ
linked to:
Onchocerca volvulus
|
| host | humans ⓘ |
| intermediateHost | blackflies ⓘ |
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| lifeCycleStage |
adult worm
ⓘ
microfilaria ⓘ |
| localizationInHuman |
eyes
ⓘ
skin ⓘ subcutaneous tissue ⓘ |
| morphology | filamentous body ⓘ |
| order | Spirurida ⓘ |
| parasiticOn | human lymphatic and subcutaneous tissues ⓘ |
| phylum | Nematoda ⓘ |
| primaryHost | humans ⓘ |
| publicHealthSignificance | major cause of infectious blindness worldwide ⓘ |
| reproduction | sexually reproducing ⓘ |
| symptomInfection |
blindness
ⓘ
severe itching ⓘ skin depigmentation ⓘ subcutaneous nodules ⓘ visual impairment ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| transmissionEnvironment | fast-flowing rivers and streams ⓘ |
| transmissionRoute | bite of infected blackflies ⓘ |
| transmissionVector | Simulium blackflies ⓘ |
| vectorGenus | Simulium ⓘ |
| vectorHabitat | breeding sites in fast-flowing rivers ⓘ |
| wolbachiaEndosymbiont | Wolbachia bacteria ⓘ |
| yearDescribed | 1893 ⓘ |
| zoonoticPotential | primarily human parasite ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Onchocerca volvulus Description of subject: Onchocerca volvulus is a parasitic roundworm that causes river blindness (onchocerciasis) in humans, transmitted by the bites of infected blackflies.
Referenced by (8)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Onchocerca volvulus
linked to: Onchocerca volvulus