East–West Schism

Target entity: East–West Schism
Context triple: [Filioque clause in the Nicene Creed, centralTo, East–West Schism]

• A. First Council of Nicaea
  The First Council of Nicaea was a pivotal 4th-century Christian ecumenical council that defined core doctrines such as the divinity of Christ and produced the original Nicene Creed.
• B. First Council of Constantinople
  The First Council of Constantinople was the second ecumenical council of the Christian Church, held in 381, which expanded the Nicene Creed and clarified Trinitarian doctrine against Arian and other heresies.
• C. Reformation
  The Reformation was a 16th-century religious movement that challenged the authority and practices of the Catholic Church, leading to the rise of Protestantism and profound political, cultural, and intellectual changes in Europe.
• D. Nicene Creed
  The Nicene Creed is an ancient Christian statement of faith, formulated at the Councils of Nicaea and Constantinople, that defines core doctrines about the Trinity and the nature of Christ and is widely used in liturgical worship across many denominations.
• E. Edict of Milan
  The Edict of Milan was a 313 CE proclamation by the Roman emperors Constantine and Licinius that granted religious tolerance throughout the empire and effectively legalized Christianity.
• F. None of above. chosen
• G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Target entity: East–West Schism
Target entity description: The East–West Schism was the 1054 split between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches, driven by long-standing theological, political, and cultural disputes that permanently divided Western and Eastern Christianity.

• A. First Council of Nicaea
  The First Council of Nicaea was a pivotal 4th-century Christian ecumenical council that defined core doctrines such as the divinity of Christ and produced the original Nicene Creed.
• B. First Council of Constantinople
  The First Council of Constantinople was the second ecumenical council of the Christian Church, held in 381, which expanded the Nicene Creed and clarified Trinitarian doctrine against Arian and other heresies.
• C. Reformation
  The Reformation was a 16th-century religious movement that challenged the authority and practices of the Catholic Church, leading to the rise of Protestantism and profound political, cultural, and intellectual changes in Europe.
• D. Nicene Creed
  The Nicene Creed is an ancient Christian statement of faith, formulated at the Councils of Nicaea and Constantinople, that defines core doctrines about the Trinity and the nature of Christ and is widely used in liturgical worship across many denominations.
• E. Edict of Milan
  The Edict of Milan was a 313 CE proclamation by the Roman emperors Constantine and Licinius that granted religious tolerance throughout the empire and effectively legalized Christianity.
• F. None of above. chosen