Northern Cities Vowel Shift region English

Target entity: Northern Cities Vowel Shift region English
Context triple: [Midwestern American English, hasSubvariety, Northern Cities Vowel Shift region English]

• A. Scottish Vowel Length Rule
  The Scottish Vowel Length Rule is a phonological rule in Scots and Scottish English that determines when certain vowels are pronounced long or short depending on the sounds that follow them.
• B. Great Vowel Shift (late phase)
  The Great Vowel Shift (late phase) was the final stage of a major historical change in English pronunciation during which many long vowel sounds in Middle English moved closer to their modern English values.
• C. Great Vowel Shift (early phase)
  The Great Vowel Shift (early phase) is the initial stage of the major historical change in English pronunciation during which several long vowels began shifting upward in tongue position, setting off the chain of sound changes that transformed Middle English into Early Modern English.
• D. Estuary English
  Estuary English is a variety of English spoken in and around London and the southeast of England, characterized by features that blend aspects of Received Pronunciation and regional accents such as Cockney.
• E. The Sound Pattern of English
  The Sound Pattern of English is a foundational 1968 work in generative phonology by Noam Chomsky and Morris Halle that systematically analyzes the phonological component of grammar within the framework of transformational-generative linguistics.
• F. None of above. chosen
• G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Target entity: Northern Cities Vowel Shift region English
Target entity description: Northern Cities Vowel Shift region English is a distinctive Midwestern American English variety characterized by a systematic rotation of short vowel sounds, especially in cities around the Great Lakes.

• A. Scottish Vowel Length Rule
  The Scottish Vowel Length Rule is a phonological rule in Scots and Scottish English that determines when certain vowels are pronounced long or short depending on the sounds that follow them.
• B. Great Vowel Shift (late phase)
  The Great Vowel Shift (late phase) was the final stage of a major historical change in English pronunciation during which many long vowel sounds in Middle English moved closer to their modern English values.
• C. Great Vowel Shift (early phase)
  The Great Vowel Shift (early phase) is the initial stage of the major historical change in English pronunciation during which several long vowels began shifting upward in tongue position, setting off the chain of sound changes that transformed Middle English into Early Modern English.
• D. Estuary English
  Estuary English is a variety of English spoken in and around London and the southeast of England, characterized by features that blend aspects of Received Pronunciation and regional accents such as Cockney.
• E. The Sound Pattern of English
  The Sound Pattern of English is a foundational 1968 work in generative phonology by Noam Chomsky and Morris Halle that systematically analyzes the phonological component of grammar within the framework of transformational-generative linguistics.
• F. None of above. chosen