Inland North American English

E125182

Inland North American English is a major regional variety of American English spoken primarily around the Great Lakes region, characterized by features such as the Northern Cities Vowel Shift.

All labels observed (4)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (48)

Predicate Object
instanceOf dialect ⓘ
regional variety of American English ⓘ
variety of North American English ⓘ
characterizedBy Northern Cities Vowel Shift ⓘ
contrastedWith Canadian English ⓘ
Mid-Atlantic American English ⓘ
Southern American English ⓘ
Western American English ⓘ
describedBy Charles Boberg ⓘ
Sharon Ash ⓘ
William Labov ⓘ
documentedBy Atlas of North American English ⓘ
hasLexicalFeature use of "garage sale" rather than "yard sale" in many areas ⓘ
use of "pop" for carbonated soft drink ⓘ
use of "you guys" as second person plural pronoun ⓘ
hasPhonologicalFeature /r/ generally rhotic ⓘ
/æ/ split into tense and lax allophones ⓘ
contrast between /ɑ/ and /ɔ/ maintained ⓘ
flapping of /t/ and /d/ between vowels ⓘ
fronting of /ɑ/ ⓘ
lowering and backing of /ɔ/ ⓘ
monophthongal realization of /eɪ/ in some environments ⓘ
monophthongal realization of /oʊ/ in some environments ⓘ
raising of /æ/ ⓘ
tensing of short vowels in closed syllables ⓘ
hasSyntacticFeature positive anymore in some speakers ⓘ
hasTrend reversal or weakening of Northern Cities Vowel Shift among younger speakers in some areas ⓘ
partOf Inland North dialect region ⓘ
North American English dialect continuum ⓘ
spokenIn Buffalo metropolitan area ⓘ
Chicago metropolitan area ⓘ
Cleveland metropolitan area ⓘ
Detroit metropolitan area ⓘ
Great Lakes region ⓘ
Inland North region ⓘ
Michigan ⓘ
Northern Illinois ⓘ
linked to: northern Illinois

Northern Indiana ⓘ
Northern Midwest ⓘ
Northern Ohio ⓘ
Rochester, New York ⓘ
linked to: Rochester

United States ⓘ
Upstate New York ⓘ
Wisconsin ⓘ
studiedIn dialectology ⓘ
sociolinguistics ⓘ
timePeriod 20th century ⓘ
21st century ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (10)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

North American English → includesDialect → Inland North American English ⓘ
Chicago English → associatedWith → Inland North dialect region ⓘ
linked to: Inland North American English
Chicago English → influencedBy → Inland North American English ⓘ
Wisconsin English → influencedBy → Inland North American English ⓘ
Wisconsin English → influencedBy → North Central American English ⓘ
linked to: Inland North American English
New Jersey English → regionallyContrastedWith → Inland North American English ⓘ
Utah English → regionallyContrastedWith → Inland North American English ⓘ
Inland North region → hasDialect → Inland North American English ⓘ
Inland North region → borderedByDialectRegion → North Central American English region ⓘ
linked to: Inland North American English
Northern Cities Shift → associatedWith → Inland North American English ⓘ