Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007)

E76548

International Court of Justice case contentious case genocide case international court judgment

Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007) is a landmark International Court of Justice judgment that addressed state responsibility for genocide during the Bosnian War, including the Srebrenica massacre, and clarified key obligations under the Genocide Convention.

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All labels observed (10)

Label	Occurrences
Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007) canonical	4
Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro	3
Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro)	1
Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro), Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 2007	1
Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ)	1
Bosnian Genocide case (ICJ)	1
ICJ Judgment of 26 February 2007 in Case Concerning Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro)	1
ICJ case Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro	1
Judgment of the International Court of Justice in Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (2007)	1
Serbia must cooperate fully with the ICTY	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T612924 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007)
Context triple: [Article I of the 1948 Genocide Convention, interpretedIn, Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007)]

A. International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia was a UN court established to prosecute individuals responsible for war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide committed during the conflicts in the Balkans in the 1990s.
B. State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs was a short-lived South Slavic state established in 1918 from former Austro-Hungarian territories, which soon united with the Kingdom of Serbia to form the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia).
C. Chamber of Summary Procedure of the International Court of Justice
The Chamber of Summary Procedure of the International Court of Justice is a smaller, specially constituted body of the Court designed to handle certain cases more expeditiously than the full bench.
D. Kosovo War
The Kosovo War was a late-1990s armed conflict in the Balkans between Yugoslav/Serbian forces and ethnic Albanian separatists, which prompted a NATO bombing campaign and ultimately led to the withdrawal of Serbian forces from Kosovo.
E. Registry of the International Criminal Court
The Registry of the International Criminal Court is the administrative organ responsible for the Court’s non-judicial functions, including support to judges, counsel, victims, and witnesses, and the overall management of court services.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007)
Target entity description: Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007) is a landmark International Court of Justice judgment that addressed state responsibility for genocide during the Bosnian War, including the Srebrenica massacre, and clarified key obligations under the Genocide Convention.

A. International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia was a UN court established to prosecute individuals responsible for war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide committed during the conflicts in the Balkans in the 1990s.
B. State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs
The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs was a short-lived South Slavic state established in 1918 from former Austro-Hungarian territories, which soon united with the Kingdom of Serbia to form the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia).
C. Chamber of Summary Procedure of the International Court of Justice
The Chamber of Summary Procedure of the International Court of Justice is a smaller, specially constituted body of the Court designed to handle certain cases more expeditiously than the full bench.
D. Kosovo War
The Kosovo War was a late-1990s armed conflict in the Balkans between Yugoslav/Serbian forces and ethnic Albanian separatists, which prompted a NATO bombing campaign and ultimately led to the withdrawal of Serbian forces from Kosovo.
E. Registry of the International Criminal Court
The Registry of the International Criminal Court is the administrative organ responsible for the Court’s non-judicial functions, including support to judges, counsel, victims, and witnesses, and the overall management of court services.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	International Court of Justice case ⓘ contentious case ⓘ genocide case ⓘ international court judgment ⓘ
applicantState	Bosnia and Herzegovina ⓘ
category	landmark ICJ judgment ⓘ
citation	Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro), Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 2007 ⓘ linked to: Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007)
clarifiedConcept	attribution of conduct of non-state or de facto organs to a state ⓘ duty to prevent genocide as an obligation of conduct, not of result ⓘ erga omnes partes character of obligations under the Genocide Convention ⓘ obligation to cooperate with international criminal tribunals in genocide cases ⓘ obligation to punish genocide ⓘ standard of due diligence in preventing genocide ⓘ state responsibility for genocide distinct from individual criminal responsibility ⓘ
concerns	Bosnian War ⓘ Srebrenica massacre ⓘ linked to: Srebrenica genocide obligations under the Genocide Convention ⓘ state responsibility for genocide ⓘ
court	International Court of Justice ⓘ
dateOfJudgment	2007-02-26 ⓘ
finding	Serbia breached its obligation to prevent genocide once it became aware of a serious risk of genocide at Srebrenica ⓘ Serbia breached its obligation to punish genocide by not taking necessary measures to bring perpetrators to justice ⓘ Serbia did not commit genocide through its own organs or persons whose acts are attributable to it ⓘ Serbia failed to comply with its obligation to cooperate with the ICTY ⓘ Serbia failed to prevent the genocide at Srebrenica ⓘ Serbia failed to punish perpetrators of the Srebrenica genocide ⓘ Serbia had influence over the Republika Srpska authorities and the VRS but this did not suffice to attribute their conduct as genocide to Serbia ⓘ Serbia must cooperate fully with the ICTY ⓘ linked to: Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007) Serbia must take steps to comply with its obligations under the Genocide Convention ⓘ Serbia violated its obligations under Article I of the Genocide Convention by failing to prevent genocide ⓘ Serbia violated its obligations under Article VI of the Genocide Convention by failing to transfer Ratko Mladić to the ICTY ⓘ Serbia was not complicit in genocide in Bosnia and Herzegovina outside Srebrenica ⓘ genocide was committed at Srebrenica in July 1995 ⓘ no genocide was proven in other parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina beyond Srebrenica for purposes of state responsibility ⓘ
findingOnReparations	ICJ held that a declaration of Serbia’s breach constituted appropriate satisfaction and did not order financial compensation ⓘ
languageOfJudgment	English ⓘ French ⓘ
legalBasis	Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide ⓘ linked to: GenocideConvention1948
placeOfJudgment	Peace Palace, The Hague, Netherlands ⓘ linked to: Peace Palace
relatedInstrument	Rules of Court of the International Court of Justice ⓘ Statute of the International Court of Justice ⓘ
relatedTo	International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia ⓘ
respondentState	Republic of Serbia ⓘ linked to: Serbia Serbia and Montenegro ⓘ linked to: State Union of Serbia and Montenegro
shortName	Bosnian Genocide case (ICJ) ⓘ linked to: Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007)
subjectMatter	interpretation and application of the Genocide Convention ⓘ state responsibility for internationally wrongful acts ⓘ
timePeriodConcerned	1992–1995 ⓘ
usedEvidenceFrom	ICTY judgments on Srebrenica ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (15)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Article I of the 1948 Genocide Convention → interpretedIn → Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ, 2007) ⓘ

subject linked to: Article I

Article II of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide → citedInCase → Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro (ICJ) ⓘ

subject linked to: Article II