Baze v. Rees
E649389
Baze v. Rees is a 2008 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of a three-drug lethal injection protocol under the Eighth Amendment.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Baze v. Rees canonical | 4 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7193388 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Baze v. Rees Context triple: [Glossip v. Gross, precedentReliedOn, Baze v. Rees]
-
A.
Reese v. United States
Reese v. United States is an 1876 U.S. Supreme Court case that significantly limited federal enforcement of African Americans’ voting rights under the Fifteenth Amendment during the Reconstruction era.
-
B.
Ray v. Blair
Ray v. Blair is a 1952 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a state's authority to require presidential electors to pledge support for their party's nominees as a condition of appointment.
-
C.
Lucas v. Earl
Lucas v. Earl is a landmark 1930 U.S. Supreme Court tax law case that established the principle that income is taxed to the person who earns it, regardless of contractual arrangements to split or assign that income.
-
D.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
-
E.
De Canas v. Bica
De Canas v. Bica is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a California law regulating the employment of unauthorized immigrants, holding that not all state regulations touching on immigration are preempted by federal law.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Baze v. Rees Target entity description: Baze v. Rees is a 2008 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of a three-drug lethal injection protocol under the Eighth Amendment.
-
A.
Reese v. United States
Reese v. United States is an 1876 U.S. Supreme Court case that significantly limited federal enforcement of African Americans’ voting rights under the Fifteenth Amendment during the Reconstruction era.
-
B.
Ray v. Blair
Ray v. Blair is a 1952 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a state's authority to require presidential electors to pledge support for their party's nominees as a condition of appointment.
-
C.
Lucas v. Earl
Lucas v. Earl is a landmark 1930 U.S. Supreme Court tax law case that established the principle that income is taxed to the person who earns it, regardless of contractual arrangements to split or assign that income.
-
D.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
-
E.
De Canas v. Bica
De Canas v. Bica is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a California law regulating the employment of unauthorized immigrants, holding that not all state regulations touching on immigration are preempted by federal law.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (52)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Eighth Amendment case
ⓘ
United States Supreme Court case ⓘ capital punishment case ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
constitutional law
ⓘ
criminal law ⓘ death penalty jurisprudence ⓘ |
| arguedDate | 2008-01-07 ⓘ |
| chiefJusticeAtDecision | John G. Roberts Jr. ⓘ |
| citation | 553 U.S. 35 ⓘ |
| concurrenceBy |
Antonin Scalia
ⓘ
Clarence Thomas ⓘ John Paul Stevens ⓘ Stephen G. Breyer ⓘ |
| concurrenceInJudgmentBy |
David H. Souter
ⓘ
Ruth Bader Ginsburg ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted | Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ |
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 2008-04-16 ⓘ |
| decisionType | plurality decision ⓘ |
| dissentBy |
David H. Souter
ⓘ
Ruth Bader Ginsburg ⓘ |
| firstDrugInProtocol | sodium thiopental ⓘ |
| fullName | Baze v. Rees ⓘ |
| holding |
Kentucky’s three-drug lethal injection protocol does not violate the Eighth Amendment
ⓘ
a method of execution is unconstitutional only if it presents a substantial risk of serious harm compared to known and available alternatives ⓘ |
| impact | clarified standards for Eighth Amendment method-of-execution challenges ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
Commonwealth of Kentucky
ⓘ
linked to:
Kentucky
|
| legalIssue |
constitutionality of lethal injection under the Eighth Amendment
ⓘ
whether Kentucky’s three-drug lethal injection protocol constitutes cruel and unusual punishment ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy | John G. Roberts Jr. ⓘ |
| methodOfExecutionChallenged | three-drug lethal injection protocol ⓘ |
| petitioner |
Ralph Baze
ⓘ
Thomas C. Bowling ⓘ |
| pluralityJoinedBy |
Anthony M. Kennedy
ⓘ
John G. Roberts Jr. ⓘ Samuel A. Alito Jr. ⓘ |
| pluralityOpinion | yes ⓘ |
| precedentFor | Glossip v. Gross ⓘ |
| relatedDoctrine | cruel and unusual punishment ⓘ |
| reporter | United States Reports ⓘ |
| requiresShowing | availability of a feasible, readily implemented alternative method that significantly reduces a substantial risk of severe pain ⓘ |
| respondent |
John D. Rees
ⓘ
Kentucky Department of Corrections officials ⓘ |
| secondDrugInProtocol | pancuronium bromide ⓘ |
| standardAnnounced | substantial risk of serious harm standard for method-of-execution challenges ⓘ |
| startingPageInUSReports | 35 ⓘ |
| stateOfOrigin | Kentucky ⓘ |
| term | October Term 2007 ⓘ |
| thirdDrugInProtocol | potassium chloride ⓘ |
| volumeInUSReports | 553 ⓘ |
| vote | 7-2 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Baze v. Rees Description of subject: Baze v. Rees is a 2008 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of a three-drug lethal injection protocol under the Eighth Amendment.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.