Euler product formula for the Riemann zeta function

E54270

identity in analytic number theory mathematical formula

The Euler product formula for the Riemann zeta function is a fundamental identity in analytic number theory that expresses the zeta function as an infinite product over all prime numbers, revealing a deep connection between primes and the distribution of integers.

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All labels observed (4)

Label	Occurrences
Euler product	6
Euler product formula	1
Euler product formula for the Riemann zeta function canonical	1
Euler products for Dirichlet L-functions	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T426769 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Euler product formula for the Riemann zeta function
Context triple: [Leonhard Euler, notableWork, Euler product formula for the Riemann zeta function]

A. Riemann–Siegel formula
The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
B. Riemann zeta function
The Riemann zeta function is a complex-valued function central to analytic number theory, whose properties—especially the distribution of its zeros—are deeply connected to the distribution of prime numbers.
C. Riemann hypothesis
The Riemann hypothesis is a famous unsolved conjecture in number theory asserting that all nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function lie on a critical line in the complex plane, with deep implications for the distribution of prime numbers.
D. Über die Anzahl der Primzahlen unter einer gegebenen Grösse
Über die Anzahl der Primzahlen unter einer gegebenen Grösse is Bernhard Riemann’s seminal 1859 paper that introduced the Riemann zeta function and laid the foundations of analytic number theory, including the famous Riemann Hypothesis.
E. Dyson’s transform in number theory
Dyson’s transform in number theory is a combinatorial technique introduced by Freeman Dyson to manipulate and relate integer partitions, particularly in the study of partition identities and congruences.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Euler product formula for the Riemann zeta function
Target entity description: The Euler product formula for the Riemann zeta function is a fundamental identity in analytic number theory that expresses the zeta function as an infinite product over all prime numbers, revealing a deep connection between primes and the distribution of integers.

A. Riemann–Siegel formula
The Riemann–Siegel formula is an asymptotic expression that efficiently approximates the Riemann zeta function on the critical line, playing a key role in the numerical study of its zeros.
B. Riemann zeta function
The Riemann zeta function is a complex-valued function central to analytic number theory, whose properties—especially the distribution of its zeros—are deeply connected to the distribution of prime numbers.
C. Riemann hypothesis
The Riemann hypothesis is a famous unsolved conjecture in number theory asserting that all nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function lie on a critical line in the complex plane, with deep implications for the distribution of prime numbers.
D. Über die Anzahl der Primzahlen unter einer gegebenen Grösse
Über die Anzahl der Primzahlen unter einer gegebenen Grösse is Bernhard Riemann’s seminal 1859 paper that introduced the Riemann zeta function and laid the foundations of analytic number theory, including the famous Riemann Hypothesis.
E. Dyson’s transform in number theory
Dyson’s transform in number theory is a combinatorial technique introduced by Freeman Dyson to manipulate and relate integer partitions, particularly in the study of partition identities and congruences.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (48)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	identity in analytic number theory ⓘ mathematical formula ⓘ
alternativeForm	log ζ(s) = ∑_{p} ∑_{k≥1} p^{−ks}/k for Re(s) > 1 ⓘ
assumes	s is a complex number with Re(s) > 1 ⓘ
category	Euler product ⓘ linked to: Euler product formula for the Riemann zeta function
consequence	knowledge of zeta on Re(s) > 1 encodes information about primes ⓘ primes determine the zeta function on Re(s) > 1 ⓘ
dependsOn	Euler’s method of rearranging absolutely convergent series ⓘ absolute convergence of the Dirichlet series for Re(s) > 1 ⓘ
domainOfValidity	complex numbers s with real part greater than 1 ⓘ
equivalentTo	sum over n ≥ 1 of 1/n^s equals product over primes p of 1/(1 − p^(−s)) for Re(s) > 1 ⓘ
expresses	Riemann zeta function as an infinite product over primes ⓘ
field	analytic number theory ⓘ number theory ⓘ
generalizedBy	Euler products for Dirichlet L-functions ⓘ linked to: Euler product formula for the Riemann zeta function Euler products for automorphic L-functions ⓘ
historicalDevelopment	discovered by Leonhard Euler in the 18th century ⓘ
implies	non-vanishing of the zeta function on the half-plane Re(s) > 1 ⓘ zeta function has no zeros for Re(s) > 1 ⓘ
importance	central in understanding the link between primes and analytic properties of zeta ⓘ fundamental tool in analytic number theory ⓘ
mathematicalObject	complex variable s ⓘ infinite product ⓘ
namedAfter	Leonhard Euler ⓘ
relatedConcept	Chebyshev functions ⓘ Hadamard product for entire functions ⓘ Mertens’ theorems ⓘ Riemann Hypothesis ⓘ linked to: Riemann hypothesis prime number theorem ⓘ
relatesTo	Dirichlet L-functions ⓘ Dirichlet series ⓘ Riemann zeta function ⓘ distribution of prime numbers ⓘ fundamental theorem of arithmetic ⓘ logarithm of the zeta function ⓘ prime numbers ⓘ unique prime factorization ⓘ
shows	deep connection between primes and the zeta function ⓘ zeta function encodes information about primes ⓘ
standardForm	ζ(s) = ∏_{p prime} (1 − p^{−s})^{−1} for Re(s) > 1 ⓘ
usedFor	deriving estimates for the prime-counting function ⓘ establishing connections between primes and zeros of zeta ⓘ proofs related to the distribution of primes ⓘ proving results about multiplicative functions ⓘ studying analytic continuation of zeta and L-functions ⓘ
uses	infinite product over all prime numbers ⓘ multiplicativity of arithmetic functions ⓘ unique factorization of integers into primes ⓘ

How these facts were elicited