Planck radiation law

E4994

Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.

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Predicate Object
instanceOf law of black-body radiation
law of quantum physics
physical law
appliesTo ideal black body
assumes bosonic statistics for photons
electromagnetic modes in a cavity
thermal equilibrium
dependsOnConstant Boltzmann constant
Planck constant
speed of light in vacuum
derivedUsing Bose–Einstein statistics for photons
Planck distribution
describes black-body radiation
spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation
domain thermal radiation
expresses spectral radiance as function of frequency and temperature
spectral radiance as function of wavelength and temperature
field electromagnetism
quantum physics
statistical mechanics
thermodynamics
historicalSignificance marked birth of quantum theory
implies energy quantization of electromagnetic modes
introducedBy Max Planck
involvesConcept black-body spectrum
quantization of energy levels
involvesQuantity photon energy
photon occupation number
spectral radiance
mathematicalForm spectral radiance proportional to 1/λ^5 divided by (exp(hc/(λkT)) − 1)
spectral radiance proportional to ν^3 divided by (exp(hν/kT) − 1)
predicts peak wavelength of black-body spectrum depends on temperature
total emitted power increases with temperature
reducesTo Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
Wien approximation at high frequencies
relatedTo Stefan–Boltzmann law
Wien displacement law
resolves ultraviolet catastrophe of classical physics
usedIn astrophysics
cosmology
infrared thermography
radiative heat transfer calculations
remote sensing
thermal radiation modeling
validFor macroscopic bodies approximating black bodies
variable absolute temperature
frequency
wavelength
yearProposed 1900

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Referenced by (23)

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Bose–Einstein statistics usedToExplain Planck radiation law
Einstein coefficients relatedTo Planck radiation law
On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light relatedTo Planck’s black-body radiation law
linked to: Planck radiation law
Planck radiation law derivedUsing Planck distribution
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Boltzmann constant appearsIn Planck blackbody radiation law
linked to: Planck radiation law
Planck constant appearsInEquation Planck radiation law
Max Planck knownFor black-body radiation law
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Max Planck knownFor Planck's law of black-body radiation
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Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies isApproximationOf Planck’s law of blackbody radiation
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Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies isClassicalLimitOf Planck’s radiation law
linked to: Planck radiation law
Wien displacement law relatedTo Planck radiation law
Wien displacement law approximationOf Planck radiation law
Stefan–Boltzmann law derivedFrom Planck’s law of black-body radiation
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Stefan–Boltzmann law relatedTo Planck’s law
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k_B playsRoleIn Planck distribution
linked to: Planck radiation law
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation usedInDerivationOf Planck's law of black-body radiation
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Kirchhoff's three laws of spectroscopy relatedTo Planck's law of blackbody radiation
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Max Planck knownFor Planck's law of black-body radiation
subject linked to: Planck
linked to: Planck radiation law
Stefan–Boltzmann constant relatedConcept Planck’s law
linked to: Planck radiation law
Wien displacement constant isPartOf Planck's law of black-body radiation
linked to: Planck radiation law
Wien displacement constant relatedLaw Planck's radiation law
linked to: Planck radiation law