Stefan–Boltzmann constant
E160622
The Stefan–Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that relates the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Stefan–Boltzmann constant canonical | 2 |
| Stefan–Boltzmann constant (σ) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1403713 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stefan–Boltzmann constant Context triple: [CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants, includesConstant, Stefan–Boltzmann constant]
-
A.
Stefan–Boltzmann law
The Stefan–Boltzmann law is a fundamental principle of thermal radiation stating that the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
-
B.
Boltzmann constant
The Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that links temperature to energy at the particle level, playing a central role in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics.
-
C.
Planck constant
The Planck constant is a fundamental physical constant that quantifies the relationship between the energy of a photon and the frequency of its associated electromagnetic wave, forming a cornerstone of quantum mechanics.
-
D.
Wien displacement law
Wien's displacement law is a physical law that relates the temperature of a blackbody to the wavelength at which it emits radiation most intensely.
-
E.
Planck radiation law
Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stefan–Boltzmann constant Target entity description: The Stefan–Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that relates the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
-
A.
Stefan–Boltzmann law
The Stefan–Boltzmann law is a fundamental principle of thermal radiation stating that the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
-
B.
Boltzmann constant
The Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that links temperature to energy at the particle level, playing a central role in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics.
-
C.
Planck constant
The Planck constant is a fundamental physical constant that quantifies the relationship between the energy of a photon and the frequency of its associated electromagnetic wave, forming a cornerstone of quantum mechanics.
-
D.
Wien displacement law
Wien's displacement law is a physical law that relates the temperature of a blackbody to the wavelength at which it emits radiation most intensely.
-
E.
Planck radiation law
Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
physical constant
ⓘ
radiation constant ⓘ |
| appearsInEquation | P = σ A T^4 for a perfect black body ⓘ |
| appearsInLaw | Stefan–Boltzmann law ⓘ |
| appliesTo | ideal black body ⓘ |
| category | fundamental constants of physics ⓘ |
| CODATARecommended | CODATA 2018 ⓘ |
| definesRelation |
M = σ T^4
ⓘ
j* = σ T^4 ⓘ |
| dependsOnConstant |
Boltzmann constant
ⓘ
Planck constant ⓘ speed of light in vacuum ⓘ |
| dimension | M¹ T⁻³ Θ⁻⁴ ⓘ |
| expressionInTermsOfConstants | σ = (2π⁵ k_B⁴) / (15 c² h³) ⓘ |
| field |
astrophysics
ⓘ
statistical mechanics ⓘ thermal radiation ⓘ thermodynamics ⓘ |
| isExact | false ⓘ |
| isScalar | true ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Josef Stefan
ⓘ
Ludwig Boltzmann ⓘ |
| quantityType | proportionality constant ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
Planck’s law
ⓘ
linked to:
Planck radiation law
black-body radiation ⓘ radiative heat transfer coefficient ⓘ |
| relatedConstant | radiation constant a ⓘ |
| relatedLawDerivedBy | Ludwig Boltzmann ⓘ |
| relatedLawDiscoveredBy | Josef Stefan ⓘ |
| relatesQuantity |
black-body temperature
ⓘ
radiant exitance ⓘ |
| relationToRadiationConstant | a = 4σ / c ⓘ |
| SIUnit | watt per square metre per kelvin to the fourth power ⓘ |
| SIUnitSymbol | W·m⁻²·K⁻⁴ ⓘ |
| symbol | σ ⓘ |
| systemOfUnits | SI ⓘ |
| temperatureExponent | 4 ⓘ |
| uncertaintyType | standard uncertainty ⓘ |
| usedFor |
calculating total radiated power of a black body
ⓘ
radiative cooling analysis ⓘ stellar luminosity estimation ⓘ thermal radiation heat transfer calculations ⓘ |
| usedInModel |
cosmological radiation energy density
ⓘ
planetary equilibrium temperature ⓘ thermal engineering radiation models ⓘ |
| valueSI | 5.670374419e-8 ⓘ |
| valueSIWithUncertainty | (5.670374419 ± 0.000000013) × 10⁻⁸ W·m⁻²·K⁻⁴ ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Stefan–Boltzmann constant Description of subject: The Stefan–Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that relates the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants
→
includesConstant
→
Stefan–Boltzmann constant
ⓘ