Conium maculatum
E432905
Conium maculatum, commonly known as poison hemlock, is a highly toxic flowering plant historically infamous as the source of the poison used to execute Socrates.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Conium | 1 |
| Conium maculatum canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4333078 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Conium maculatum Context triple: [Apiaceae, toxicMembers, Conium maculatum]
-
A.
Atropa
Atropa is a small genus of highly poisonous flowering plants best known for deadly nightshade, historically used as both a medicine and a toxin.
-
B.
Hyoscyamus
Hyoscyamus is a small genus of toxic, psychoactive flowering plants commonly known as henbanes, historically used in medicine and witchcraft for their hallucinogenic and sedative properties.
-
C.
Cicuta virosa
Cicuta virosa is a highly poisonous perennial plant in the carrot family, commonly known as northern water hemlock, that grows in wet habitats across parts of Europe and Asia.
-
D.
Aconitum
Aconitum is a genus of highly toxic flowering plants, often called monkshood or wolfsbane, known for their hood-shaped blue to purple flowers and historical use as poisons.
-
E.
Datura
Datura is a genus of flowering plants known for its large, trumpet-shaped blooms and highly toxic, hallucinogenic properties.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Conium maculatum Target entity description: Conium maculatum, commonly known as poison hemlock, is a highly toxic flowering plant historically infamous as the source of the poison used to execute Socrates.
-
A.
Atropa
Atropa is a small genus of highly poisonous flowering plants best known for deadly nightshade, historically used as both a medicine and a toxin.
-
B.
Hyoscyamus
Hyoscyamus is a small genus of toxic, psychoactive flowering plants commonly known as henbanes, historically used in medicine and witchcraft for their hallucinogenic and sedative properties.
-
C.
Cicuta virosa
Cicuta virosa is a highly poisonous perennial plant in the carrot family, commonly known as northern water hemlock, that grows in wet habitats across parts of Europe and Asia.
-
D.
Aconitum
Aconitum is a genus of highly toxic flowering plants, often called monkshood or wolfsbane, known for their hood-shaped blue to purple flowers and historical use as poisons.
-
E.
Datura
Datura is a genus of flowering plants known for its large, trumpet-shaped blooms and highly toxic, hallucinogenic properties.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
flowering plant
ⓘ
plant species ⓘ poisonous plant ⓘ |
| associatedWith | execution of Socrates ⓘ |
| binomialName | Conium maculatum ⓘ |
| class | Magnoliopsida ⓘ |
| commonName |
poison hemlock
ⓘ
spotted hemlock ⓘ |
| containsCompound |
N-methylconiine
ⓘ
conhydrine ⓘ coniine ⓘ pseudoconhydrine ⓘ γ-coniceine ⓘ |
| controlMethod |
herbicide application
ⓘ
mechanical removal ⓘ |
| describedBy | Carl Linnaeus ⓘ |
| effectOnHumans |
neuromuscular blockade
ⓘ
respiratory paralysis ⓘ |
| family | Apiaceae ⓘ |
| flowerColor | white ⓘ |
| genus |
Conium
ⓘ
linked to:
Conium maculatum
|
| habitat |
field margins
ⓘ
riverbanks ⓘ roadsides ⓘ waste ground ⓘ |
| inflorescenceType | compound umbel ⓘ |
| introducedTo |
Australia
ⓘ
New Zealand ⓘ North America ⓘ South America ⓘ |
| kingdom | Plantae ⓘ |
| leafType | fern-like pinnate leaves ⓘ |
| lifeCycle | biennial ⓘ |
| nativeTo |
Europe
ⓘ
North Africa ⓘ Western Asia ⓘ |
| notableFor | historical use as an execution poison ⓘ |
| order | Apiales ⓘ |
| phylum | Tracheophyta ⓘ |
| plantHeight | 1.5–3 meters ⓘ |
| regardedAs | noxious weed ⓘ |
| reproduction | by seed ⓘ |
| stemCharacteristic |
hollow stem
ⓘ
purple-spotted stem ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| toxicTo |
humans
ⓘ
livestock ⓘ |
| toxinClass | piperidine alkaloid ⓘ |
| warning | all parts of the plant are poisonous ⓘ |
| yearDescribed | 1753 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Conium maculatum Description of subject: Conium maculatum, commonly known as poison hemlock, is a highly toxic flowering plant historically infamous as the source of the poison used to execute Socrates.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Conium maculatum