Pulmonary veins
E431118
The pulmonary veins are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Common left pulmonary vein | 1 |
| Pulmonary veins canonical | 1 |
| Venae pulmonales | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4332168 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pulmonary veins Context triple: [Heart, connectedTo, Pulmonary veins]
-
A.
Vena Canal
Vena Canal is a principal waterway running through the historic fishing town of Chioggia in Italy’s Venetian lagoon.
-
B.
Central Artery
The Central Artery is a major elevated and now mostly underground highway corridor running through downtown Boston, historically notorious for congestion and central to the "Big Dig" redevelopment project.
-
C.
Takic branch
The Takic branch is a subgroup of the Uto-Aztecan language family comprising several closely related Indigenous languages of Southern California.
-
D.
Central line
The Central line is one of the principal lines of the London Underground, running east–west across Greater London and serving many key central and suburban areas.
-
E.
Venafrum
Venafrum was an ancient town in south-central Italy, noted in Roman times for its fertile territory and high-quality olive oil.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pulmonary veins Target entity description: The pulmonary veins are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
-
A.
Vena Canal
Vena Canal is a principal waterway running through the historic fishing town of Chioggia in Italy’s Venetian lagoon.
-
B.
Central Artery
The Central Artery is a major elevated and now mostly underground highway corridor running through downtown Boston, historically notorious for congestion and central to the "Big Dig" redevelopment project.
-
C.
Takic branch
The Takic branch is a subgroup of the Uto-Aztecan language family comprising several closely related Indigenous languages of Southern California.
-
D.
Central line
The Central line is one of the principal lines of the London Underground, running east–west across Greater London and serving many key central and suburban areas.
-
E.
Venafrum
Venafrum was an ancient town in south-central Italy, noted in Roman times for its fertile territory and high-quality olive oil.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Anatomical structure
ⓘ
Blood vessel ⓘ Vein ⓘ |
| bloodFlowDirection | From periphery of lungs to heart ⓘ |
| bloodTypeRelativeToSystemicVeins | More oxygenated ⓘ |
| canBeAffectedBy |
Pulmonary vein stenosis
ⓘ
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease ⓘ Pulmonary venous thrombosis ⓘ |
| carry | Oxygenated blood ⓘ |
| clinicalSignificance | Site of origin of many atrial fibrillation triggers ⓘ |
| CO2LevelOfBlood | Low ⓘ |
| consistOf |
Left inferior pulmonary vein
ⓘ
Left superior pulmonary vein ⓘ Right inferior pulmonary vein ⓘ Right superior pulmonary vein ⓘ |
| distinguishedFrom | Pulmonary arteries ⓘ |
| drain |
Pulmonary capillary beds
ⓘ
Pulmonary venules ⓘ |
| drainRegion |
Alveolar capillaries
ⓘ
Respiratory portion of lungs ⓘ |
| embryologicalOrigin | Common pulmonary vein ⓘ |
| emptiesInto | Left atrium of heart ⓘ |
| hasFeature |
Larger lumen than corresponding arteries
ⓘ
Relatively thin wall compared to arteries ⓘ |
| hasLatinName |
Venae pulmonales
ⓘ
linked to:
Pulmonary veins
|
| hasVariant |
Common left pulmonary vein
ⓘ
linked to:
Pulmonary veins
Common right pulmonary vein ⓘ Supernumerary pulmonary veins ⓘ |
| imagedBy |
CT angiography
ⓘ
MR angiography ⓘ |
| location | Thoracic cavity ⓘ |
| numberInMostHumans | Four ⓘ |
| oxygenationLevelOfBlood | High ⓘ |
| partOf |
Cardiovascular system
ⓘ
Pulmonary circulation ⓘ |
| presentIn |
Humans
ⓘ
Most mammals ⓘ |
| receiveBloodFrom |
Lungs
ⓘ
Pulmonary venous plexus ⓘ |
| regulates | Contributes to left atrial filling ⓘ |
| relatedProcedure | Pulmonary vein isolation ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Gas exchange in lungs
ⓘ
Left atrium myocardium sleeves ⓘ |
| suppliesChamber | Left atrium ⓘ |
| transportFrom | Lungs ⓘ |
| transportTo | Left atrium ⓘ |
| wallContains |
Elastic tissue
ⓘ
Endothelium ⓘ Smooth muscle ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Pulmonary veins Description of subject: The pulmonary veins are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Pulmonary veins
linked to: Pulmonary veins