Pericardium
E431113
The pericardium is a double-layered, fluid-filled sac that surrounds and protects the heart while allowing it to move and beat with minimal friction.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Pericardium canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4332157 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pericardium Context triple: [Heart, hasPart, Pericardium]
-
A.
Lungs
Lungs is the critically acclaimed debut studio album by English indie rock band Florence and the Machine, noted for its dramatic vocals and lush, baroque pop production.
-
B.
Human Heart
"Human Heart" is a solo studio album by Iranian-Canadian musical theatre actor and singer Ramin Karimloo, showcasing his blend of theatrical and contemporary music styles.
-
C.
Eardrum
Eardrum is a 2007 studio album by American rapper Talib Kweli that showcases his socially conscious lyricism over a diverse range of hip-hop production.
-
D.
Cilicia Trachea
Cilicia Trachea was the rugged, mountainous western part of ancient Cilicia in southeastern Asia Minor, known for its steep coastline, forests, and historical reputation as a haven for pirates.
-
E.
Cordis
Cordis is a medical device company best known for developing and manufacturing cardiovascular and endovascular products such as stents and catheters.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pericardium Target entity description: The pericardium is a double-layered, fluid-filled sac that surrounds and protects the heart while allowing it to move and beat with minimal friction.
-
A.
Lungs
Lungs is the critically acclaimed debut studio album by English indie rock band Florence and the Machine, noted for its dramatic vocals and lush, baroque pop production.
-
B.
Human Heart
"Human Heart" is a solo studio album by Iranian-Canadian musical theatre actor and singer Ramin Karimloo, showcasing his blend of theatrical and contemporary music styles.
-
C.
Eardrum
Eardrum is a 2007 studio album by American rapper Talib Kweli that showcases his socially conscious lyricism over a diverse range of hip-hop production.
-
D.
Cilicia Trachea
Cilicia Trachea was the rugged, mountainous western part of ancient Cilicia in southeastern Asia Minor, known for its steep coastline, forests, and historical reputation as a haven for pirates.
-
E.
Cordis
Cordis is a medical device company best known for developing and manufacturing cardiovascular and endovascular products such as stents and catheters.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Anatomical structure
ⓘ
Membranous sac ⓘ Serous membrane ⓘ |
| anatomicalLocation |
Middle mediastinum
ⓘ
Thoracic cavity ⓘ |
| anatomicalRelation |
Anterior to esophagus
ⓘ
Medial to lungs ⓘ Posterior to sternum ⓘ Superior to diaphragm ⓘ |
| bloodSupply |
Coronary arteries (visceral layer)
ⓘ
Musculophrenic arteries ⓘ Pericardiacophrenic arteries ⓘ |
| clinicalCondition |
Cardiac tamponade
ⓘ
Constrictive pericarditis ⓘ Pericardial effusion ⓘ Pericarditis ⓘ |
| clinicalProcedure | Pericardiocentesis ⓘ |
| composition |
Dense connective tissue (fibrous layer)
ⓘ
Mesothelium (serous layers) ⓘ |
| contains | Serous fluid ⓘ |
| continuousWith |
Adventitia of great vessels
ⓘ
Central tendon of diaphragm ⓘ |
| encloses |
Heart
ⓘ
Roots of great vessels ⓘ |
| function |
Acts as a barrier to infection
ⓘ
Limits acute cardiac dilation ⓘ Maintains heart position in the mediastinum ⓘ Protects the heart ⓘ Reduces friction during cardiac movements ⓘ |
| greekEtymology | Around the heart ⓘ |
| hasLayer |
Parietal serous pericardium
ⓘ
Visceral serous pericardium ⓘ |
| hasPart |
Fibrous pericardium
ⓘ
Parietal layer of serous pericardium ⓘ Pericardial cavity ⓘ Pericardial fluid ⓘ Serous pericardium ⓘ Visceral layer of serous pericardium ⓘ |
| innervation |
Phrenic nerves
ⓘ
Sympathetic trunks ⓘ Vagus nerves ⓘ |
| latinName | Pericardium ⓘ |
| locationOf | Heart ⓘ |
| typicalPericardialFluidVolume | 15–50 milliliters ⓘ |
| venousDrainage |
Azygos venous system
ⓘ
Pericardiacophrenic veins ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Pericardium Description of subject: The pericardium is a double-layered, fluid-filled sac that surrounds and protects the heart while allowing it to move and beat with minimal friction.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.