Florida v. Jardines
E390988
Florida v. Jardines is a 2013 U.S. Supreme Court case that held using a drug-sniffing dog on a homeowner’s porch constitutes a search under the Fourth Amendment, requiring a warrant.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Florida v. Jardines canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3822019 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Florida v. Jardines Context triple: [October Term 2012, includesCase, Florida v. Jardines]
-
A.
Illinois v. Gates
Illinois v. Gates is a 1983 U.S. Supreme Court decision that established the "totality of the circumstances" test for determining whether an informant’s tip provides probable cause for issuing a search warrant.
-
B.
Miranda v. Arizona
Miranda v. Arizona is a landmark 1966 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the requirement for police to inform criminal suspects of their rights to remain silent and to have an attorney present during custodial interrogations.
-
C.
New York v. Quarles
New York v. Quarles is a 1984 U.S. Supreme Court decision that created the "public safety" exception to the Miranda warning requirement, allowing certain unwarned statements to be admitted when needed to protect public safety.
-
D.
United States v. Leon
United States v. Leon is a 1984 U.S. Supreme Court decision that established the "good faith" exception to the exclusionary rule in Fourth Amendment search and seizure cases.
-
E.
Virginia v. Black
Virginia v. Black is a 2003 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a ban on cross burning carried out with intent to intimidate while clarifying the limits of First Amendment protection for hate speech and symbolic expression.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Florida v. Jardines Target entity description: Florida v. Jardines is a 2013 U.S. Supreme Court case that held using a drug-sniffing dog on a homeowner’s porch constitutes a search under the Fourth Amendment, requiring a warrant.
-
A.
Illinois v. Gates
Illinois v. Gates is a 1983 U.S. Supreme Court decision that established the "totality of the circumstances" test for determining whether an informant’s tip provides probable cause for issuing a search warrant.
-
B.
Miranda v. Arizona
Miranda v. Arizona is a landmark 1966 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the requirement for police to inform criminal suspects of their rights to remain silent and to have an attorney present during custodial interrogations.
-
C.
New York v. Quarles
New York v. Quarles is a 1984 U.S. Supreme Court decision that created the "public safety" exception to the Miranda warning requirement, allowing certain unwarned statements to be admitted when needed to protect public safety.
-
D.
United States v. Leon
United States v. Leon is a 1984 U.S. Supreme Court decision that established the "good faith" exception to the exclusionary rule in Fourth Amendment search and seizure cases.
-
E.
Virginia v. Black
Virginia v. Black is a 2003 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld a ban on cross burning carried out with intent to intimidate while clarifying the limits of First Amendment protection for hate speech and symbolic expression.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Fourth Amendment case
ⓘ
United States Supreme Court case ⓘ |
| appliesLegalTest | physical intrusion on constitutionally protected area ⓘ |
| clarifies | limits on warrantless searches at a home’s front door ⓘ |
| concernsLawEnforcementTool | drug-sniffing dog ⓘ |
| concernsLocation | front porch of a home ⓘ |
| concernsPoliceConduct | bringing a trained narcotics-detection dog to the front porch to investigate the home ⓘ |
| distinguishesFrom |
Illinois v. Caballes
ⓘ
United States v. Place ⓘ |
| hasCitation | 569 U.S. 1 ⓘ |
| hasConcurrenceBy | Elena Kagan ⓘ |
| hasConcurrenceJoiner |
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
ⓘ
Sonia Sotomayor ⓘ Stephen G. Breyer ⓘ |
| hasConstitutionalProvision | Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ |
| hasCourt | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| hasDecisionDate | 2013-03-26 ⓘ |
| hasDissentBy | Samuel A. Alito Jr. ⓘ |
| hasDissentJoiner |
Anthony M. Kennedy
ⓘ
John G. Roberts Jr. ⓘ Stephen G. Breyer ⓘ |
| hasDocketNumber | 11-564 ⓘ |
| hasJurisdiction |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| hasMajorityJoiner |
Clarence Thomas
ⓘ
Elena Kagan ⓘ Ruth Bader Ginsburg ⓘ Sonia Sotomayor ⓘ |
| hasMajorityOpinionBy | Antonin Scalia ⓘ |
| hasPetitioner |
State of Florida
ⓘ
linked to:
Florida
|
| hasRespondent | Joelis Jardines ⓘ |
| hasSubjectMatter |
criminal procedure
ⓘ
search and seizure law ⓘ |
| hasVote | 5-4 ⓘ |
| hasYearDecided | 2013 ⓘ |
| holds |
A warrant is generally required to conduct a dog-sniff search on the curtilage of a home
ⓘ
Using a drug-sniffing dog on the front porch of a home is a search within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment ⓘ |
| involvesIssue |
curtilage of the home
ⓘ
property-based approach to the Fourth Amendment ⓘ reasonable expectation of privacy ⓘ use of drug-sniffing dogs by law enforcement ⓘ |
| originatedFrom | Florida state criminal prosecution ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
Kyllo v. United States
ⓘ
United States v. Jones ⓘ |
| relatesToConcept |
implied license to approach a home
ⓘ
search requiring probable cause and a warrant ⓘ |
| result | judgment of the Florida Supreme Court affirmed ⓘ |
| statesPrinciple |
A search occurs when the government obtains information by physically intruding on persons, houses, papers, or effects
ⓘ
The area immediately surrounding and associated with the home is part of the home for Fourth Amendment purposes ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Florida v. Jardines Description of subject: Florida v. Jardines is a 2013 U.S. Supreme Court case that held using a drug-sniffing dog on a homeowner’s porch constitutes a search under the Fourth Amendment, requiring a warrant.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.