X-10 graphite reactor

E34923

Manhattan Project facility air-cooled reactor graphite-moderated reactor nuclear reactor plutonium production reactor research reactor

The X-10 graphite reactor was an early nuclear reactor at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, built during the Manhattan Project as a pilot plant for plutonium production and a key step toward the development of nuclear weapons and nuclear energy.

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All labels observed (6)

Label	Occurrences
X-10 Graphite Reactor	6
Graphite Reactor at Oak Ridge	1
Oak Ridge Graphite Reactor	1
Oak Ridge pile	1
X-10 Pile	1
X-10 graphite reactor canonical	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T270058 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: X-10 graphite reactor
Context triple: [Clinton Engineer Works, contains, X-10 graphite reactor]

A. K-West Reactor
K-West Reactor is one of the plutonium production reactors at the Hanford Site in Washington State, historically used to support the U.S. nuclear weapons program.
B. Chicago Pile-1
Chicago Pile-1 was the world’s first artificial nuclear reactor, achieving the first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction in 1942 under the leadership of Enrico Fermi.
C. D Reactor
D Reactor was one of the early plutonium production reactors at the Hanford Site in Washington, built during the Manhattan Project to support the U.S. nuclear weapons program.
D. K-East Reactor
K-East Reactor was one of the plutonium production reactors at the Hanford Site in Washington State, built during the Cold War to support the U.S. nuclear weapons program.
E. Trinity test device
The Trinity test device was the first nuclear explosive ever detonated, a plutonium-based implosion bomb tested by the Manhattan Project in July 1945.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: X-10 graphite reactor
Target entity description: The X-10 graphite reactor was an early nuclear reactor at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, built during the Manhattan Project as a pilot plant for plutonium production and a key step toward the development of nuclear weapons and nuclear energy.

A. K-West Reactor
K-West Reactor is one of the plutonium production reactors at the Hanford Site in Washington State, historically used to support the U.S. nuclear weapons program.
B. Chicago Pile-1
Chicago Pile-1 was the world’s first artificial nuclear reactor, achieving the first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction in 1942 under the leadership of Enrico Fermi.
C. D Reactor
D Reactor was one of the early plutonium production reactors at the Hanford Site in Washington, built during the Manhattan Project to support the U.S. nuclear weapons program.
D. K-East Reactor
K-East Reactor was one of the plutonium production reactors at the Hanford Site in Washington State, built during the Cold War to support the U.S. nuclear weapons program.
E. Trinity test device
The Trinity test device was the first nuclear explosive ever detonated, a plutonium-based implosion bomb tested by the Manhattan Project in July 1945.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Manhattan Project facility ⓘ air-cooled reactor ⓘ graphite-moderated reactor ⓘ nuclear reactor ⓘ plutonium production reactor ⓘ research reactor ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Clinton Pile ⓘ Oak Ridge pile ⓘ linked to: X-10 graphite reactor
associatedWithWeapon	early U.S. nuclear weapons program ⓘ
constructionStartDate	1943-02 ⓘ
controlMechanism	control rods ⓘ
coolant	air ⓘ
country	United States ⓘ linked to: United States of America
currentUse	historic exhibit ⓘ
decommissioned	1963 ⓘ
designedBy	Eugene Wigner ⓘ
designer	DuPont ⓘ
firstCriticalityDate	1943-11-04 ⓘ
firstFullPowerOperationDate	1943-11 ⓘ
fuel	natural uranium ⓘ
fuelForm	uranium metal slugs ⓘ
heritageDesignationBy	U.S. National Park Service ⓘ linked to: National Park Service
heritageDesignationDate	1965 ⓘ
heritageStatus	National Historic Landmark ⓘ
historicalSignificance	first continuously operated nuclear reactor in the world ⓘ first large-scale plutonium production reactor ⓘ prototype for Hanford B Reactor ⓘ
initialThermalPower	1000 kW ⓘ
laterThermalPower	4000 kW ⓘ
locatedIn	Oak Ridge, Tennessee ⓘ
locatedInFacility	Clinton Engineer Works ⓘ
locatedInSite	Oak Ridge National Laboratory ⓘ
moderator	graphite ⓘ
operator	Clinton Laboratories ⓘ Oak Ridge National Laboratory ⓘ U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ⓘ
partOf	Manhattan Project ⓘ
producedIsotope	plutonium-239 ⓘ radioisotopes for medical use ⓘ
purpose	pilot plant for Hanford production reactors ⓘ plutonium production ⓘ research and development ⓘ
relatedFacility	Chicago Pile-1 ⓘ Hanford B Reactor ⓘ linked to: Hanford production reactors
shutdownDate	1963-11-04 ⓘ
tourAvailability	public tours by reservation ⓘ
usedFor	development of chemical separation processes for plutonium ⓘ neutron physics research ⓘ radioisotope production ⓘ

How these facts were elicited