Monte Albán

E32990

UNESCO World Heritage Site Zapotec site ancient city archaeological site

Monte Albán is an ancient Zapotec archaeological site in Oaxaca, Mexico, renowned as one of the earliest and most important urban centers in Mesoamerican history.

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All labels observed (19)

Label	Occurrences
Monte Albán canonical	41
Monte Albán archaeological site	7
Historic Centre of Oaxaca and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán	3
Monte Albán archaeological zone	3
Building J at Monte Albán	1
Building L at Monte Albán	1
Main Plaza of Monte Albán	1
Monte Alban	1
Monte Albán (early phases)	1
Monte Albán (late Mixtec occupation)	1
Monte Albán political center	1
North Platform of Monte Albán	1
Pre-Hispanic City and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán	1
Prehistoric City of Monte Albán	1
South Platform of Monte Albán	1
UNESCO World Heritage Site Monte Albán	1
Zapotecs at Monte Albán	1
ancient city of Monte Albán	1
excavations at Monte Albán	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T227251 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Monte Albán
Context triple: [Mesoamerica, majorSite, Monte Albán]

A. Chichén Itzá
Chichén Itzá is a renowned ancient Maya city in Mexico famous for its monumental pyramid El Castillo and its role as a major political, religious, and cultural center in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica.
B. Palenque
Palenque is an ancient Maya city in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, renowned for its well-preserved temples, palaces, and intricate inscriptions.
C. Tláhuac
Tláhuac is a largely semi-rural borough in the southeastern part of Mexico City, known for its chinampas (traditional canal-based agriculture) and rapid urbanization.
D. Tikal
Tikal is an ancient Maya city in present-day Guatemala, renowned for its towering pyramids, extensive ruins, and role as a powerful political and cultural center of the Classic Maya civilization.
E. Teotihuacan civilization
The Teotihuacan civilization was a major pre-Columbian Mesoamerican culture centered in a vast, meticulously planned city famed for its monumental pyramids, complex urban layout, and far-reaching political and economic influence.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Monte Albán
Target entity description: Monte Albán is an ancient Zapotec archaeological site in Oaxaca, Mexico, renowned as one of the earliest and most important urban centers in Mesoamerican history.

A. Chichén Itzá
Chichén Itzá is a renowned ancient Maya city in Mexico famous for its monumental pyramid El Castillo and its role as a major political, religious, and cultural center in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica.
B. Palenque
Palenque is an ancient Maya city in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, renowned for its well-preserved temples, palaces, and intricate inscriptions.
C. Tláhuac
Tláhuac is a largely semi-rural borough in the southeastern part of Mexico City, known for its chinampas (traditional canal-based agriculture) and rapid urbanization.
D. Tikal
Tikal is an ancient Maya city in present-day Guatemala, renowned for its towering pyramids, extensive ruins, and role as a powerful political and cultural center of the Classic Maya civilization.
E. Teotihuacan civilization
The Teotihuacan civilization was a major pre-Columbian Mesoamerican culture centered in a vast, meticulously planned city famed for its monumental pyramids, complex urban layout, and far-reaching political and economic influence.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	UNESCO World Heritage Site ⓘ Zapotec site ⓘ ancient city ⓘ archaeological site ⓘ
abandoned	around 800–900 CE ⓘ
architecturalStyle	Mesoamerican stepped pyramids ⓘ
country	Mexico ⓘ
culture	Mixtec civilization ⓘ Zapotec civilization ⓘ
discoveredByArchaeology	Guillermo Dupaix ⓘ
distanceFromOaxacaCity	about 9 kilometers ⓘ
elevation	about 1940 meters above sea level ⓘ
founded	around 500 BCE ⓘ
function	economic center ⓘ political center ⓘ religious center ⓘ
hasBallcourt	yes ⓘ
heritageDesignation	UNESCO World Heritage Site ⓘ
inscriptions	Zapotec script ⓘ early Mesoamerican writing ⓘ
locatedIn	Mexico ⓘ Oaxaca ⓘ Oaxaca Valley ⓘ Oaxaca state ⓘ
locatedOn	mountain ridge ⓘ
majorExcavationBy	Alfonso Caso ⓘ
majorExcavationPeriod	1930s ⓘ
materialUsed	stone ⓘ
notableFeature	Building J ⓘ Danzantes reliefs ⓘ Main Plaza ⓘ ballcourts ⓘ observatory-like structure ⓘ palaces ⓘ pyramidal platforms ⓘ tombs ⓘ
overlooks	city of Oaxaca ⓘ linked to: Oaxaca
partOf	Pre-Hispanic City and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán ⓘ linked to: Monte Albán
peakPopulation	approximately 25,000 inhabitants ⓘ
period	Classic Mesoamerican period ⓘ Preclassic Mesoamerican period ⓘ
region	Mesoamerica ⓘ
significance	major Zapotec capital ⓘ one of the earliest urban centers in Mesoamerica ⓘ
touristAttraction	yes ⓘ
UNESCOSiteId	415 ⓘ
UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteSince	1987 ⓘ
usedFor	astronomical observations ⓘ elite burials ⓘ ritual activities ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (69)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Mesoamerica → majorSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

Zapotec civilization → hasCapital → Monte Albán ⓘ

Zapotec civilization → hasMajorSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

Zapotec civilization → politicalCenter → Monte Albán ⓘ

Mixtec civilization → archaeologicalSite → Monte Albán (late Mixtec occupation) ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Monte Albán → partOf → Pre-Hispanic City and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Oaxaca → hasMajorArchaeologicalSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

Oaxaca → hasUNESCOWorldHeritageSite → Historic Centre of Oaxaca and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

State of Oaxaca → contains → Monte Albán archaeological site ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

State of Oaxaca → hasUNESCOWorldHeritageSite → Historic Centre of Oaxaca and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Classic period in Mesoamerica → hasMajorCenter → Monte Albán ⓘ

Classic period in Mesoamerica → dominantCultureInRegion → Zapotecs at Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Southern Mexico → hasArchaeologicalSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

subject linked to: southern Mexico

Southern Mexico → hasUNESCOWorldHeritageSite → Historic Centre of Oaxaca and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán ⓘ

subject linked to: southern Mexico

linked to: Monte Albán

Zapotec → majorArchaeologicalSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

Zapotec → capitalCityInAntiquity → Monte Albán ⓘ

Oaxaca Valley → contains → Monte Albán ⓘ

Oaxaca Valley → tourismAttraction → Monte Albán archaeological site ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Lambityeco → nearbyMajorSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

Zapotec people → historicalCity → Monte Albán ⓘ

Zapotec people → capitalOfAncientState → Monte Albán ⓘ

Cocijo → worshipedIn → Monte Albán ⓘ

Formative period of Mesoamerica → hasSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

Main Plaza → partOf → Monte Albán ⓘ

Main Plaza → locatedIn → Monte Albán ⓘ

Main Plaza → partOf → UNESCO World Heritage Site Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Main Plaza → connectedTo → Building J at Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Main Plaza → connectedTo → North Platform of Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Main Plaza → connectedTo → South Platform of Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Danzantes reliefs → locatedIn → Monte Albán ⓘ

Danzantes reliefs → partOf → Monte Albán archaeological site ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Danzantes reliefs → foundAt → Building L at Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Building J → locatedIn → Monte Albán ⓘ

Building J → partOf → Monte Albán archaeological site ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Building J → locatedIn → Main Plaza of Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Zapotec script → usedInRegion → Monte Albán ⓘ

Zapotec script → associatedSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

Region of Valles Centrales → containsArchaeologicalSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

Cloud People → associatedWithArchaeologicalSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

Alfonso Caso → notableWork → excavations at Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Alfonso Caso → workLocation → Monte Albán ⓘ

Alfonso Caso → researchFocus → ancient city of Monte Albán ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Oaxaca (state) → hasArchaeologicalSite → Monte Albán ⓘ

subject linked to: Oaxaca state

Archaeological Monuments Zone of Mexico → includes → Monte Albán archaeological zone ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Zapotecs → majorUrbanCenter → Monte Albán ⓘ

Zapotecs → capitalAtPeak → Monte Albán ⓘ

Mesoamerican archaeology → hasKeySite → Monte Alban ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Atzompa archaeological site → partOf → Monte Albán archaeological zone ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

Atzompa archaeological site → satelliteOf → Monte Albán ⓘ

Atzompa archaeological site → associatedWith → Monte Albán political center ⓘ

linked to: Monte Albán

All labels observed (19)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (50)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (69)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited