Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik

Target entity: Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
Context triple: [Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, child, Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik]

• A. Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
  Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan was an Umayyad caliph (r. 685–705) known for consolidating the Islamic empire, instituting Arabic as the administrative language, and initiating major architectural projects such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.
• B. Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik
  Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik was an Umayyad caliph who ruled the Islamic empire from 715 to 717 CE, noted for continuing military campaigns and overseeing the early stages of the conquest of Transoxiana.
• C. Al-Walid I
  Al-Walid I was an Umayyad caliph (r. 705–715) known for major expansions of the Islamic empire and for sponsoring monumental architectural projects, including significant works at the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Great Mosque of Damascus.
• D. Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj
  Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj was a 9th-century Persian Islamic scholar and hadith compiler, renowned as one of the foremost authorities in Sunni hadith literature.
• E. Marwan ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan
  Marwan ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan, known as Marwan II, was the last Umayyad caliph who ruled from 744 to 750 CE before the dynasty was overthrown by the Abbasids.
• F. None of above. chosen
• G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Target entity: Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
Target entity description: Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 724 to 743 CE, noted for administrative reforms, military campaigns, and overseeing a period of both consolidation and emerging decline in the Umayyad Caliphate.

• A. Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
  Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan was an Umayyad caliph (r. 685–705) known for consolidating the Islamic empire, instituting Arabic as the administrative language, and initiating major architectural projects such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.
• B. Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik
  Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik was an Umayyad caliph who ruled the Islamic empire from 715 to 717 CE, noted for continuing military campaigns and overseeing the early stages of the conquest of Transoxiana.
• C. Al-Walid I
  Al-Walid I was an Umayyad caliph (r. 705–715) known for major expansions of the Islamic empire and for sponsoring monumental architectural projects, including significant works at the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Great Mosque of Damascus.
• D. Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj
  Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj was a 9th-century Persian Islamic scholar and hadith compiler, renowned as one of the foremost authorities in Sunni hadith literature.
• E. Marwan ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan
  Marwan ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan, known as Marwan II, was the last Umayyad caliph who ruled from 744 to 750 CE before the dynasty was overthrown by the Abbasids.
• F. None of above. chosen