Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)
E122229
The Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) was a decisive Protestant victory during the Thirty Years' War in which Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden’s innovative tactics broke Habsburg military dominance and shifted the balance of power in Central Europe.
All labels observed (5)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) canonical | 15 |
| Battle of Breitenfeld | 1 |
| First Battle of Breitenfeld | 1 |
| Second Battle of Breitenfeld | 1 |
| followed the Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T997004 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) Context triple: [Thirty Years' War, notableBattle, Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)]
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A.
Battle of Rossbach
The Battle of Rossbach was a 1757 victory of Frederick the Great’s Prussian army over French and Imperial forces, renowned for its brilliant tactics and its decisive impact on shifting the balance of power in Europe during the Seven Years’ War.
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B.
Battle of Mollwitz
The Battle of Mollwitz was a 1741 engagement in the First Silesian War where Prussian forces, despite Frederick II’s early withdrawal from the field, secured a decisive victory over Austria that showcased the strength of the Prussian infantry.
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C.
Battle of Leuthen
The Battle of Leuthen was a decisive 1757 victory of Frederick the Great’s Prussian army over a much larger Austrian force, renowned as a classic example of oblique-order tactics and one of his greatest military triumphs.
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D.
Battle of Hohenfriedberg
The Battle of Hohenfriedberg was a major Prussian victory over Austrian and Saxon forces in 1745 during the War of the Austrian Succession, cementing Frederick the Great’s military reputation.
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E.
Battle of Wilhelmsthal
The Battle of Wilhelmsthal was a 1762 engagement of the Seven Years' War in which Allied forces, including those led by Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, defeated the French in western Germany.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) Target entity description: The Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) was a decisive Protestant victory during the Thirty Years' War in which Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden’s innovative tactics broke Habsburg military dominance and shifted the balance of power in Central Europe.
-
A.
Battle of Rossbach
The Battle of Rossbach was a 1757 victory of Frederick the Great’s Prussian army over French and Imperial forces, renowned for its brilliant tactics and its decisive impact on shifting the balance of power in Europe during the Seven Years’ War.
-
B.
Battle of Mollwitz
The Battle of Mollwitz was a 1741 engagement in the First Silesian War where Prussian forces, despite Frederick II’s early withdrawal from the field, secured a decisive victory over Austria that showcased the strength of the Prussian infantry.
-
C.
Battle of Leuthen
The Battle of Leuthen was a decisive 1757 victory of Frederick the Great’s Prussian army over a much larger Austrian force, renowned as a classic example of oblique-order tactics and one of his greatest military triumphs.
-
D.
Battle of Hohenfriedberg
The Battle of Hohenfriedberg was a major Prussian victory over Austrian and Saxon forces in 1745 during the War of the Austrian Succession, cementing Frederick the Great’s military reputation.
-
E.
Battle of Wilhelmsthal
The Battle of Wilhelmsthal was a 1762 engagement of the Seven Years' War in which Allied forces, including those led by Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, defeated the French in western Germany.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
battle
ⓘ
military engagement ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
First Battle of Breitenfeld
ⓘ
linked to:
Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)
|
| belligerent |
Catholic League
ⓘ
Electorate of Saxony ⓘ Holy Roman Empire ⓘ Sweden ⓘ |
| combatantSide |
Catholic forces
ⓘ
Protestant forces ⓘ |
| commander |
Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim
ⓘ
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden ⓘ Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly ⓘ
linked to:
Tilly (Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly)
John George I, Elector of Saxony ⓘ |
| conflict | Thirty Years' War ⓘ |
| countryAtTime | Holy Roman Empire ⓘ |
| date |
17 September 1631
ⓘ
7 September 1631 (Old Style) ⓘ |
| effect |
opened the way for Swedish advance into southern Germany
ⓘ
severely weakened the Catholic League army ⓘ shifted balance of power in Central Europe toward Protestant states ⓘ |
| followedBy |
Battle of Lützen (1632)
ⓘ
Swedish advance into Franconia and the Rhineland ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
demonstrated effectiveness of Swedish military reforms
ⓘ
enhanced reputation of Gustavus Adolphus as a leading military innovator ⓘ first major Protestant victory after a long series of Catholic successes ⓘ |
| ImperialLeagueCasualties |
large numbers captured or dispersed
ⓘ
over 7,000 killed and wounded ⓘ |
| ImperialLeagueForcesStrength | approximately 35,000–40,000 men ⓘ |
| locatedInPresentDay |
Saxony, Germany
ⓘ
linked to:
Saxony
|
| locatedNear | Leipzig ⓘ |
| notableFor |
collapse of Habsburg military dominance in Central Europe
ⓘ
effective integration of artillery with infantry and cavalry ⓘ innovative linear tactics by Gustavus Adolphus ⓘ major turning point in the Thirty Years' War ⓘ use of Swedish brigade infantry formations ⓘ |
| partOf | Thirty Years' War ⓘ |
| place | near Breitenfeld, Electorate of Saxony ⓘ |
| precededBy | Swedish landing in Pomerania (1630) ⓘ |
| religiousContext | Protestant–Catholic conflict within the Holy Roman Empire ⓘ |
| result |
Protestant victory
ⓘ
decisive Swedish–Saxon victory ⓘ |
| SaxonForcesStrength | approximately 16,000–18,000 men ⓘ |
| SwedishCasualties | approximately 3,000–4,000 killed and wounded ⓘ |
| SwedishForcesStrength | approximately 23,000–25,000 men ⓘ |
| tacticalFeature |
flexible, smaller infantry units instead of large tercios
ⓘ
refused Swedish left wing ⓘ use of mobile light artillery ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) Description of subject: The Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) was a decisive Protestant victory during the Thirty Years' War in which Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden’s innovative tactics broke Habsburg military dominance and shifted the balance of power in Central Europe.
Referenced by (19)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
Tilly (Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly)
subject linked to:
Tilly (Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly)
linked to: Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)
subject linked to:
Battle of Lützen
linked to: Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)
linked to: Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)
linked to: Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)