Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
E110019
The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 is a landmark U.S. federal law that reoriented national transportation policy toward integrated, multimodal planning and investment, emphasizing flexibility, environmental considerations, and state and local decision-making.
All labels observed (6)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T928153 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 Context triple: [National Highway System, legalBasis, Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991]
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A.
Motor Carrier Safety Improvement Act of 1999
The Motor Carrier Safety Improvement Act of 1999 is a U.S. federal law enacted to enhance commercial motor vehicle safety and oversight, including by creating a dedicated federal agency to regulate the trucking and bus industries.
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B.
Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997
The Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997 is a U.S. federal law that restructured Amtrak’s operations and finances, aiming to improve its efficiency and move it toward greater financial self-sufficiency.
-
C.
Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994
The Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994 is a U.S. federal law aimed at promoting community development and financial services in underserved areas, notably by establishing the Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) Fund.
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D.
Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947
The Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947 is a U.S. federal law that clarified and limited employers’ liability for compensating workers’ preliminary and postliminary activities under the Fair Labor Standards Act.
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E.
Department of Transportation Act
The Department of Transportation Act is the U.S. federal law enacted in 1966 that created the United States Department of Transportation to coordinate and oversee national transportation policies and programs.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 Target entity description: The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 is a landmark U.S. federal law that reoriented national transportation policy toward integrated, multimodal planning and investment, emphasizing flexibility, environmental considerations, and state and local decision-making.
-
A.
Motor Carrier Safety Improvement Act of 1999
The Motor Carrier Safety Improvement Act of 1999 is a U.S. federal law enacted to enhance commercial motor vehicle safety and oversight, including by creating a dedicated federal agency to regulate the trucking and bus industries.
-
B.
Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997
The Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997 is a U.S. federal law that restructured Amtrak’s operations and finances, aiming to improve its efficiency and move it toward greater financial self-sufficiency.
-
C.
Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994
The Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994 is a U.S. federal law aimed at promoting community development and financial services in underserved areas, notably by establishing the Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFI) Fund.
-
D.
Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947
The Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947 is a U.S. federal law that clarified and limited employers’ liability for compensating workers’ preliminary and postliminary activities under the Fair Labor Standards Act.
-
E.
Department of Transportation Act
The Department of Transportation Act is the U.S. federal law enacted in 1966 that created the United States Department of Transportation to coordinate and oversee national transportation policies and programs.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal transportation law
ⓘ
statute ⓘ |
| aimedTo |
encourage innovation in transportation planning and technology
ⓘ
improve air quality through transportation investments ⓘ increase flexibility in federal-aid highway and transit funding ⓘ support economic competitiveness via transportation infrastructure ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
local transportation agencies
ⓘ
metropolitan planning organizations ⓘ states ⓘ |
| authorizedBy |
United States Code Title 23
ⓘ
linked to:
Title 23 of the United States Code
|
| contains |
provisions for intelligent transportation systems research
ⓘ
provisions for safety improvements on highways and transit ⓘ provisions for scenic and historic preservation in transportation projects ⓘ |
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| created |
Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program
ⓘ
Metropolitan Planning program enhancements ⓘ National Highway System program framework ⓘ Surface Transportation Program ⓘ
linked to:
Surface Transportation Block Grant Program
Transportation Enhancements funding category ⓘ |
| emphasizes |
environmental considerations in transportation planning
ⓘ
flexible use of federal transportation funds ⓘ integrated, multimodal transportation planning ⓘ state and local decision-making authority ⓘ |
| enactedBy | United States Congress ⓘ |
| encouraged | coordination among highway, transit, rail, and port facilities ⓘ |
| focusesOn |
intermodal transportation
ⓘ
surface transportation ⓘ |
| influenced | subsequent U.S. surface transportation authorization laws ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
federal-aid highways
ⓘ
intermodal freight and passenger connections ⓘ public transportation programs ⓘ |
| levelOfGovernment | federal ⓘ |
| promoted |
bicycle and pedestrian facilities
ⓘ
intermodal freight connections ⓘ public transit investment ⓘ transportation demand management strategies ⓘ |
| publicLawNumber | Public Law 102-240 ⓘ |
| recognized | importance of intermodalism in national transportation system ⓘ |
| reoriented | U.S. national transportation policy ⓘ |
| replaced | highway program structure focused primarily on new construction ⓘ |
| requires |
metropolitan transportation planning by MPOs
ⓘ
statewide transportation planning processes ⓘ |
| sector | transportation policy ⓘ |
| shortName | ISTEA ⓘ |
| signedBy | George H. W. Bush ⓘ |
| signingDate | 1991-12-18 ⓘ |
| strengthened | role of Metropolitan Planning Organizations ⓘ |
| successor | Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century ⓘ |
| timeHorizon | fiscal years 1992 through 1997 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 Description of subject: The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 is a landmark U.S. federal law that reoriented national transportation policy toward integrated, multimodal planning and investment, emphasizing flexibility, environmental considerations, and state and local decision-making.
Referenced by (15)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Bureau of Transportation Statistics
→
foundedBy
→
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
ⓘ
subject linked to:
BTS
Bureau of Transportation Statistics
→
legalBasis
→
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
ⓘ
subject linked to:
BTS
linked to: Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program
→
authorizedBy
→
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
ⓘ
Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century
→
replaced
→
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
ⓘ
Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century
→
precededBy
→
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
ⓘ
linked to: Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
Public Law 102-240
→
title
→
An Act to develop a National Intermodal Transportation System that is economically efficient, environmentally sound, provides the foundation for the Nation to compete in the global economy, and will move people and goods in an energy efficient manner
ⓘ
linked to: Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
linked to: Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
linked to: Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
linked to: Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982
→
relatedTo
→
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
ⓘ