Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity

E10997

field theory phenomenological theory theory of superconductivity

The Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity is a phenomenological framework that describes superconductors using a complex order parameter and macroscopic equations to capture phase transitions, coherence length, and magnetic behavior.

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All labels observed (9)

Label	Occurrences
Ginzburg–Landau theory	5
Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity canonical	3
Ginzburg–Landau equations	2
Ginzburg–Landau parameter	2
Dynamical Model of Elementary Particles Based on an Analogy with Superconductivity I	1
Ginzburg criterion in phase transitions	1
Ginzburg–Landau parameter kappa	1
Landau–Ginzburg theory	1
time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau theory (phenomenologically)	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T100413 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity
Context triple: [BCS theory of superconductivity, relatedTo, Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity]

A. BCS theory of superconductivity
The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
B. Meissner effect
The Meissner effect is the phenomenon in which a superconductor expels magnetic fields from its interior when cooled below its critical temperature, leading to perfect diamagnetism.
C. London equations
The London equations are fundamental relations in superconductivity that describe how magnetic fields behave inside superconductors, capturing key features like the Meissner effect and zero electrical resistance.
D. Eliashberg theory
Eliashberg theory is an extension of BCS superconductivity that incorporates strong-coupling and frequency-dependent effects to more accurately describe real superconducting materials.
E. Cooper pair
A Cooper pair is a bound state of two electrons (or other fermions) that move together in a correlated way, enabling superconductivity by forming a collective quantum state with zero electrical resistance.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity
Target entity description: The Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity is a phenomenological framework that describes superconductors using a complex order parameter and macroscopic equations to capture phase transitions, coherence length, and magnetic behavior.

A. BCS theory of superconductivity
The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
B. Meissner effect
The Meissner effect is the phenomenon in which a superconductor expels magnetic fields from its interior when cooled below its critical temperature, leading to perfect diamagnetism.
C. London equations
The London equations are fundamental relations in superconductivity that describe how magnetic fields behave inside superconductors, capturing key features like the Meissner effect and zero electrical resistance.
D. Eliashberg theory
Eliashberg theory is an extension of BCS superconductivity that incorporates strong-coupling and frequency-dependent effects to more accurately describe real superconducting materials.
E. Cooper pair
A Cooper pair is a bound state of two electrons (or other fermions) that move together in a correlated way, enabling superconductivity by forming a collective quantum state with zero electrical resistance.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (47)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	field theory ⓘ phenomenological theory ⓘ theory of superconductivity ⓘ
appliesTo	type-I superconductors ⓘ type-II superconductors ⓘ
approximates	BCS theory near critical temperature ⓘ
assumes	continuous phase transition ⓘ
basedOn	Landau theory of second-order phase transitions ⓘ
category	Superconductivity ⓘ
characterizes	order parameter amplitude ⓘ order parameter phase ⓘ
couplesTo	electromagnetic vector potential ⓘ
defines	Ginzburg–Landau parameter kappa ⓘ linked to: Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity
describes	coherence length in superconductors ⓘ macroscopic properties of superconductors ⓘ magnetic behavior of superconductors ⓘ penetration depth in superconductors ⓘ superconducting phase transition ⓘ
explains	Meissner effect ⓘ critical magnetic fields of superconductors ⓘ
field	condensed matter physics ⓘ theoretical physics ⓘ
formulatedBy	Lev Landau ⓘ Vitaly Ginzburg ⓘ
frameworkFor	macroscopic quantum phenomena in superconductors ⓘ
generalizedTo	anisotropic superconductors ⓘ multicomponent superconductors ⓘ unconventional superconductors ⓘ
influenced	development of modern condensed matter field theories ⓘ
inspiredBy	Landau mean-field theory ⓘ linked to: Landau theory of second-order phase transitions
introduced	1950 ⓘ
introduces	Ginzburg–Landau parameter ⓘ linked to: Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity
leadsTo	Ginzburg–Landau equations ⓘ linked to: Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity
namedAfter	Lev Landau ⓘ Vitaly Ginzburg ⓘ
predicts	Abrikosov vortex lattice ⓘ linked to: Abrikosov vortices existence of vortices in type-II superconductors ⓘ
relates	coherence length to penetration depth ⓘ
usedIn	description of Josephson effect ⓘ description of flux quantization ⓘ modeling of superconducting devices ⓘ theory of superconducting vortices ⓘ
uses	complex order parameter ⓘ free energy functional ⓘ macroscopic wave function ⓘ order parameter symmetry ⓘ
validNear	critical temperature ⓘ

How these facts were elicited