Protostomia
E106284
Protostomia is a major clade of bilaterally symmetrical animals—including arthropods, mollusks, and annelids—characterized by a distinct embryonic development pattern in which the mouth typically forms before the anus.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Protostomia canonical | 11 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T822104 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Protostomia Context triple: [Deuterostomia, contrastedWith, Protostomia]
-
A.
Lophotrochozoa
Lophotrochozoa is a major clade of protostome animals that includes diverse groups such as annelid worms, mollusks, and brachiopods, united by shared developmental and molecular characteristics.
-
B.
Ecdysozoa
Ecdysozoa is a major animal clade of molting invertebrates that includes arthropods, nematodes, and several related phyla.
-
C.
Xenacoelomorpha
Xenacoelomorpha is a phylum of simple, small, worm-like marine invertebrates considered among the most basal bilaterian animals and important for understanding early animal evolution.
-
D.
Hemichordata
Hemichordata is a phylum of marine invertebrate animals, including acorn worms and pterobranchs, that share key developmental and anatomical features with chordates and echinoderms.
-
E.
Bilateria
Bilateria is a major animal clade characterized by bilateral symmetry and three germ layers, encompassing most familiar animal groups including both protostomes and deuterostomes.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Protostomia Target entity description: Protostomia is a major clade of bilaterally symmetrical animals—including arthropods, mollusks, and annelids—characterized by a distinct embryonic development pattern in which the mouth typically forms before the anus.
-
A.
Lophotrochozoa
Lophotrochozoa is a major clade of protostome animals that includes diverse groups such as annelid worms, mollusks, and brachiopods, united by shared developmental and molecular characteristics.
-
B.
Ecdysozoa
Ecdysozoa is a major animal clade of molting invertebrates that includes arthropods, nematodes, and several related phyla.
-
C.
Xenacoelomorpha
Xenacoelomorpha is a phylum of simple, small, worm-like marine invertebrates considered among the most basal bilaterian animals and important for understanding early animal evolution.
-
D.
Hemichordata
Hemichordata is a phylum of marine invertebrate animals, including acorn worms and pterobranchs, that share key developmental and anatomical features with chordates and echinoderms.
-
E.
Bilateria
Bilateria is a major animal clade characterized by bilateral symmetry and three germ layers, encompassing most familiar animal groups including both protostomes and deuterostomes.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
animal clade
ⓘ
clade ⓘ taxon ⓘ |
| belongsTo | Bilateria ⓘ |
| hasBodyPlan |
coelomate or pseudocoelomate
ⓘ
triploblastic ⓘ |
| hasCharacteristic |
anterior brain
ⓘ
bilateral symmetry ⓘ blastopore becomes mouth in typical development ⓘ cephalization ⓘ determinate cleavage ⓘ mesoderm forms from specific cell lineages ⓘ mouth forms before anus during embryogenesis ⓘ paired nerve cords ⓘ protostome development ⓘ schizocoelous coelom formation ⓘ spiral cleavage ⓘ ventral nervous system ⓘ |
| hasDiversity | very high species richness ⓘ |
| hasFossilRecord |
Cambrian period
ⓘ
linked to:
Cambrian Period
|
| includes |
Annelida
ⓘ
Arthropoda ⓘ Brachiopoda ⓘ Bryozoa ⓘ Chaetognatha ⓘ Entoprocta ⓘ Gastrotricha ⓘ Kinorhyncha ⓘ Loricifera ⓘ Mollusca ⓘ Nematoda ⓘ Nemertea ⓘ Onychophora ⓘ Phoronida ⓘ Platyhelminthes ⓘ Priapulida ⓘ Rotifera ⓘ Sipuncula ⓘ Tardigrada ⓘ |
| includesMajorGroup | invertebrates ⓘ |
| isPartOf | Bilateria ⓘ |
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| partOf | Metazoa ⓘ |
| sisterClade | Deuterostomia ⓘ |
| studiedIn | evolutionary developmental biology ⓘ |
| subclade |
Ecdysozoa
ⓘ
Lophotrochozoa ⓘ |
| subdivisionOf | Bilateria ⓘ |
| taxonRank | clade ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Protostomia Description of subject: Protostomia is a major clade of bilaterally symmetrical animals—including arthropods, mollusks, and annelids—characterized by a distinct embryonic development pattern in which the mouth typically forms before the anus.
Referenced by (11)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.