Targums
E105664
Targums are ancient Aramaic translations and paraphrases of the Hebrew Bible that were used in Jewish worship and study.
All labels observed (13)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Targumic Aramaic | 2 |
| Targums canonical | 2 |
| Aramaic Targum | 1 |
| Palestinian Targums | 1 |
| Samaritan Targum | 1 |
| Targum Jonathan | 1 |
| Targum Neofiti | 1 |
| Targum Onkelos | 1 |
| Targum Pseudo-Jonathan | 1 |
| Targum to the Megillot | 1 |
| Targum to the Prophets | 1 |
| Targum to the Psalms | 1 |
| Targumim | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T897269 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Targums Context triple: [Aramaic, usedIn, Targums]
-
A.
Midrash
Midrash is a classical Jewish literary and interpretive tradition that explores, explains, and expands upon the Hebrew Bible through narrative, legal, and ethical teachings.
-
B.
Talmud
The Talmud is a central Jewish religious text comprising rabbinic discussions, legal rulings, and interpretations of the Hebrew Bible that form the foundation of traditional Jewish law and theology.
-
C.
Septuagint
The Septuagint is an ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures that became the primary Old Testament text for early Christians and Greek-speaking Jews.
-
D.
Tanakh
The Tanakh is the canonical collection of Hebrew scriptures that forms the foundational religious text of Judaism, encompassing the Torah (Law), Nevi'im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings).
-
E.
Mikraot Gedolot
Mikraot Gedolot is a traditional Jewish Bible edition that presents the Hebrew text of the Tanakh surrounded by classic rabbinic commentaries in a single, integrated volume.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Targums Target entity description: Targums are ancient Aramaic translations and paraphrases of the Hebrew Bible that were used in Jewish worship and study.
-
A.
Midrash
Midrash is a classical Jewish literary and interpretive tradition that explores, explains, and expands upon the Hebrew Bible through narrative, legal, and ethical teachings.
-
B.
Talmud
The Talmud is a central Jewish religious text comprising rabbinic discussions, legal rulings, and interpretations of the Hebrew Bible that form the foundation of traditional Jewish law and theology.
-
C.
Septuagint
The Septuagint is an ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures that became the primary Old Testament text for early Christians and Greek-speaking Jews.
-
D.
Tanakh
The Tanakh is the canonical collection of Hebrew scriptures that forms the foundational religious text of Judaism, encompassing the Torah (Law), Nevi'im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings).
-
E.
Mikraot Gedolot
Mikraot Gedolot is a traditional Jewish Bible edition that presents the Hebrew text of the Tanakh surrounded by classic rabbinic commentaries in a single, integrated volume.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Aramaic biblical translation
ⓘ
Jewish religious text ⓘ biblical paraphrase ⓘ |
| associatedWith | rabbinic Judaism ⓘ |
| basedOn |
Hebrew Bible
ⓘ
linked to:
Tanakh
|
| canonicalStatus | non-canonical but authoritative in tradition ⓘ |
| contains |
Palestinian Targums
ⓘ
linked to:
Targums
Targum Jonathan ⓘ
linked to:
Targums
Targum Neofiti ⓘ
linked to:
Targums
Targum Onkelos ⓘ
linked to:
Targums
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan ⓘ
linked to:
Targums
Targum to the Megillot ⓘ
linked to:
Targums
Targum to the Prophets ⓘ
linked to:
Targums
Targum to the Psalms ⓘ
linked to:
Targums
|
| developedFrom | oral translation tradition ⓘ |
| developedInCentury | 1st century CE ⓘ |
| developedInRegion |
Babylonia
ⓘ
linked to:
Mesopotamia
Land of Israel ⓘ
linked to:
Eretz HaKodesh
|
| function |
adaptation of scripture to contemporary audience
ⓘ
clarification of difficult passages ⓘ explanation of biblical text ⓘ |
| genre |
biblical exegesis
ⓘ
religious literature ⓘ |
| includesElement |
interpretive expansion
ⓘ
midrashic material ⓘ paraphrase ⓘ |
| influenced |
Jewish biblical interpretation
ⓘ
medieval Jewish commentators ⓘ |
| influencedBy | rabbinic exegesis ⓘ |
| language | Aramaic ⓘ |
| liturgicalFunction | synagogue reading accompaniment ⓘ |
| liturgicalStatus | read alongside Torah reading ⓘ |
| preservedIn |
manuscripts
ⓘ
printed rabbinic Bibles ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
Midrash
ⓘ
Peshitta ⓘ Septuagint ⓘ |
| religiousTradition | Judaism ⓘ |
| script | Hebrew script ⓘ |
| scriptureType |
biblical commentary
ⓘ
biblical translation ⓘ |
| timePeriod |
Talmudic period
ⓘ
late Second Temple period ⓘ |
| use |
Jewish study
ⓘ
Jewish worship ⓘ |
| usedBy |
Jewish communities in Babylonia
ⓘ
Jewish communities in the Land of Israel ⓘ later medieval Jewish scholars ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Targums Description of subject: Targums are ancient Aramaic translations and paraphrases of the Hebrew Bible that were used in Jewish worship and study.
Referenced by (15)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Targums
linked to: Targums
linked to: Targums
linked to: Targums
linked to: Targums