Gondwana

E102656

Gondwana was a vast ancient supercontinent in the Southern Hemisphere that included present-day South America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia, the Indian subcontinent, and the Arabian Peninsula.

AI illustration

How this image was made

AI-generated illustration of Gondwana

This AI-generated illustration was produced by black-forest-labs/FLUX.2-dev (1024x1024) from a prompt written by openai/gpt-oss-120b from the entity's label + description.

Prompt

Generate an image of Gondwana (Gondwana was a vast ancient supercontinent in the Southern Hemisphere that included present-day South America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia, the Indian subcontinent, and the Arabian Peninsula.)

All labels observed (15)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (61)

Predicate Object
instanceOf paleocontinent ⓘ
supercontinent ⓘ
alsoKnownAs Gondwanaland ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
associatedWithOrogeny Gondwanide orogeny ⓘ
linked to: Kuunga orogeny

Pan-African orogeny ⓘ
beganRiftingApproximately c. 180 million years ago ⓘ
beganRiftingDuring Jurassic Period ⓘ
brokeUpInto Africa ⓘ
Antarctica ⓘ
Arabian Plate ⓘ
Australia ⓘ
Indian Plate ⓘ
linked to: India Plate

South America ⓘ
containsFossilFauna Lystrosaurus ⓘ
Mesosaurus ⓘ
containsFossilFlora Glossopteris ⓘ
linked to: Gondwanan flora
existedFrom late Neoproterozoic ⓘ
existedUntil early Cenozoic in fragmented form ⓘ
formedApproximately 600 million years ago ⓘ
c. 600–550 million years ago ⓘ
formedDuring Neoproterozoic Era ⓘ
fullyFragmentedBy Cretaceous Period ⓘ
linked to: Cretaceous
geologicalEvidence correlated rock formations across member continents ⓘ
glacial striations and tillites ⓘ
matching fossil assemblages across continents ⓘ
importantFor continental drift hypothesis ⓘ
plate tectonics theory ⓘ
includedContinent Africa ⓘ
Antarctica ⓘ
Australia ⓘ
Indian subcontinent ⓘ
linked to: South Asia

South America ⓘ
includedPresentDayCountry Antarctica ⓘ
Argentina ⓘ
Australia ⓘ
Bolivia ⓘ
Botswana ⓘ
Brazil ⓘ
Chile ⓘ
Egypt ⓘ
Ethiopia ⓘ
India ⓘ
Kenya ⓘ
Madagascar ⓘ
Namibia ⓘ
New Zealand ⓘ
Peru ⓘ
Saudi Arabia ⓘ
South Africa ⓘ
Tanzania ⓘ
includedRegion Arabian Peninsula ⓘ
locatedInHemisphere Southern Hemisphere ⓘ
namedAfter Gondwana region ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana

Gondwana region of central India ⓘ
namedBy Eduard Suess ⓘ
opposedTo Laurasia ⓘ
paleolatitude high southern latitudes ⓘ
partOfSupercontinentCycle yes ⓘ
positionWithinPangaea southern part ⓘ
tectonicSetting southern part of Pangaea before breakup ⓘ
wasMajorPartOf Pangaea ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (78)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Appalachian orogeny → locatedOn → Gondwana ⓘ
Appalachian orogeny → involvesPlate → Gondwanan plate ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Rodinia → followedBy → Gondwana supercontinent ⓘ
subject linked to: supercontinent Rodinia
linked to: Gondwana
Rodinia → precedes → Gondwana ⓘ
subject linked to: supercontinent Rodinia
Pannotia → alsoKnownAs → Greater Gondwana ⓘ
subject linked to: supercontinent Pannotia
linked to: Gondwana
Pannotia → brokeUpInto → Gondwana ⓘ
subject linked to: supercontinent Pannotia
East Antarctic craton basement → relatedTo → assembly of Gondwana ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Devonian Period → paleogeography → Gondwana supercontinent ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Avalonia microcontinent → separatedFrom → Gondwana margin ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Betul → historicalRegion → Gondwana ⓘ
Gonds → historicalKingdom → Gondwana ⓘ
Gondwana Rainforests of Australia → geologicalOrigin → Gondwana supercontinent ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Gondwana → alsoKnownAs → Gondwanaland ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Gondwana → namedAfter → Gondwana region ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Laurentia → riftedFrom → Gondwana ⓘ
Avalonia → riftedFrom → Gondwana ⓘ
Avalonia → separatedFrom → Gondwana ⓘ
Avalonia → separatedByOceanFrom → Gondwana ⓘ
Middle Devonian → associatedWith → Gondwanan continental landmasses ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Pangaea → comprised → Gondwana ⓘ
subject linked to: supercontinent Pangaea
Tethys Ocean → locatedBetween → Gondwana ⓘ
Kalahari Craton → wasPartOf → Gondwana supercontinent ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Proto-Africa → relatedConcept → Gondwana ⓘ
subject linked to: proto-Africa
Proto-Africa → followedBy → Gondwana assembly ⓘ
subject linked to: proto-Africa
linked to: Gondwana
Pannotia → alsoKnownAs → Greater Gondwana ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Pannotia → followedBy → Gondwana ⓘ
Pannotia → includedContinent → Gondwana core ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Campbell Plateau → riftedFrom → Gondwana ⓘ
Gondwanan flora → originatedIn → supercontinent Gondwana ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Age of Fishes → paleogeography → supercontinent Gondwana ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Zealandia → separatedFrom → Gondwana ⓘ
subject linked to: Zealandia microcontinent
Late Ordovician → glaciationLocation → Gondwana supercontinent ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Marathon orogeny → continent → Gondwana ⓘ
Miaolingian → continentDistribution → Gondwanan terranes ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Laurussia → riftedFrom → Gondwana ⓘ
Laurussia → relatedConcept → Gondwana ⓘ
Brasiliano orogeny → associatedWith → Gondwana assembly ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Damara orogeny → associatedWith → Gondwana supercontinent ⓘ
linked to: Gondwana
Damara orogeny → continent → Gondwana ⓘ