Triple

T20755024
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Paraves E510822 entity
Predicate includesTaxon P1393 FINISHED
Object Avialae
Avialae is a clade of theropod dinosaurs that includes modern birds and their closest extinct relatives, characterized by adaptations for powered flight.
 E1449619 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Avialae | Statement: [Paraves, includesTaxon, Avialae]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Avialae
Context triple: [Paraves, includesTaxon, Avialae]
  • A. Aequornithes
    Aequornithes is a major clade of primarily aquatic, water-associated birds that includes groups such as penguins, loons, petrels, pelicans, and herons.
  • B. Aves
    Aves is the biological class comprising all modern birds, characterized by feathers, beaks, and typically the ability to fly.
  • C. Phaethontiformes
    Phaethontiformes is an order of seabirds commonly known as tropicbirds, characterized by their long tail streamers and predominantly tropical oceanic habitats.
  • D. Ornithurae
    Ornithurae is a clade of birds that includes all modern birds and their closest extinct relatives characterized by a shortened, fused tail (pygostyle).
  • E. Eurypygiformes
    Eurypygiformes is a small order of birds best known for the sunbittern and the kagu, two distinctive, ground-dwelling species found in Central/South America and New Caledonia, respectively.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Avialae
Triple: [Paraves, includesTaxon, Avialae]
Generated description
Avialae is a clade of theropod dinosaurs that includes modern birds and their closest extinct relatives, characterized by adaptations for powered flight.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Avialae
Target entity description: Avialae is a clade of theropod dinosaurs that includes modern birds and their closest extinct relatives, characterized by adaptations for powered flight.
  • A. Aequornithes
    Aequornithes is a major clade of primarily aquatic, water-associated birds that includes groups such as penguins, loons, petrels, pelicans, and herons.
  • B. Aves
    Aves is the biological class comprising all modern birds, characterized by feathers, beaks, and typically the ability to fly.
  • C. Phaethontiformes
    Phaethontiformes is an order of seabirds commonly known as tropicbirds, characterized by their long tail streamers and predominantly tropical oceanic habitats.
  • D. Ornithurae
    Ornithurae is a clade of birds that includes all modern birds and their closest extinct relatives characterized by a shortened, fused tail (pygostyle).
  • E. Eurypygiformes
    Eurypygiformes is a small order of birds best known for the sunbittern and the kagu, two distinctive, ground-dwelling species found in Central/South America and New Caledonia, respectively.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e0b4c909ec8190b05987f1639513f6 completed April 16, 2026, 10:07 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e6c22e0d288190ba924423af59d70d completed April 21, 2026, 12:17 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a08ef82cb788190b8b4a7cf71265ba3 completed May 16, 2026, 10:28 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a08f1c8a1b08190b8d0f3e84a195ef5 completed May 16, 2026, 10:38 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a08f22a69348190869d69ec6144f85e completed May 16, 2026, 10:39 p.m.
Created at: April 16, 2026, 12:34 p.m.