Triple

T12270957
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Roman conquest of the Alps E292467 entity
Predicate commander P1061 FINISHED
Object Marcus Julius Cottius
Marcus Julius Cottius was a local Alpine ruler who became a Roman client king and military leader, helping to secure Roman control over the Alpine region.
E975791 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Marcus Julius Cottius | Statement: [Roman conquest of the Alps, commander, Marcus Julius Cottius]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Marcus Julius Cottius
Context triple: [Roman conquest of the Alps, commander, Marcus Julius Cottius]
  • A. Avidius Cassius
    Avidius Cassius was a 2nd-century Roman general and brief usurper emperor known for his successful eastern campaigns under Marcus Aurelius and his short-lived revolt against the emperor.
  • B. Tyrannius Rufinus
    Tyrannius Rufinus was a 4th–5th century Christian theologian and translator, best known for rendering Greek theological works, including those of Origen, into Latin.
  • C. Pescennius Niger
    Pescennius Niger was a Roman general who briefly claimed the imperial throne during the civil wars of 193–194 CE before being defeated by Septimius Severus.
  • D. Clodius Albinus
    Clodius Albinus was a Roman general and usurper who briefly claimed the imperial title during the turbulent civil conflicts of the late 2nd century AD.
  • E. Lucianus
    Lucianus is an ancient Roman masculine given name that later evolved into various forms such as Lucien and Lucian.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Marcus Julius Cottius
Triple: [Roman conquest of the Alps, commander, Marcus Julius Cottius]
Generated description
Marcus Julius Cottius was a local Alpine ruler who became a Roman client king and military leader, helping to secure Roman control over the Alpine region.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Marcus Julius Cottius
Target entity description: Marcus Julius Cottius was a local Alpine ruler who became a Roman client king and military leader, helping to secure Roman control over the Alpine region.
  • A. Avidius Cassius
    Avidius Cassius was a 2nd-century Roman general and brief usurper emperor known for his successful eastern campaigns under Marcus Aurelius and his short-lived revolt against the emperor.
  • B. Tyrannius Rufinus
    Tyrannius Rufinus was a 4th–5th century Christian theologian and translator, best known for rendering Greek theological works, including those of Origen, into Latin.
  • C. Pescennius Niger
    Pescennius Niger was a Roman general who briefly claimed the imperial throne during the civil wars of 193–194 CE before being defeated by Septimius Severus.
  • D. Clodius Albinus
    Clodius Albinus was a Roman general and usurper who briefly claimed the imperial title during the turbulent civil conflicts of the late 2nd century AD.
  • E. Lucianus
    Lucianus is an ancient Roman masculine given name that later evolved into various forms such as Lucien and Lucian.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6ab6856488190b5d31178d5015f8e completed April 8, 2026, 7:24 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d91cdea6e881908e13f8259bad6ddc completed April 10, 2026, 3:53 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f61e6981b48190a0fc5a571c425be1 completed May 2, 2026, 3:55 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f622de74f0819096c5f5bf6f938fe7 completed May 2, 2026, 4:14 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f62379746c8190bc9da48775b86dfa completed May 2, 2026, 4:16 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:52 p.m.