Chelmo extermination camp

E951286

Holocaust site Nazi extermination camp killing center

Chelmno extermination camp was a Nazi German killing center in occupied Poland where hundreds of thousands of Jews, Roma, and other victims were murdered, primarily using gas vans, during the Holocaust.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Chełmno extermination camp	6
Chelmo extermination camp canonical	2
Chełmno nad Nerem extermination camp	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11700784 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Chelmo extermination camp
Context triple: [Nazi deportation of Roma, destination, Chelmo extermination camp]

A. Trawniki concentration camp
Trawniki concentration camp was a Nazi SS training and forced-labor camp in occupied Poland, notorious for preparing auxiliary guards who participated in the Holocaust and for exploiting and murdering Jewish prisoners.
B. Monowitz concentration camp
Monowitz concentration camp was a Nazi German labor and extermination subcamp of Auschwitz, where prisoners were forced to work under brutal conditions for the nearby IG Farben industrial complex.
C. Gusen concentration camp
Gusen concentration camp was a Nazi German concentration and extermination complex in Austria, closely linked to Mauthausen, where tens of thousands of political prisoners, forced laborers, and other persecuted groups were subjected to brutal conditions and mass murder during World War II.
D. Grini concentration camp
Grini concentration camp was a major Nazi-run detention facility in Norway during World War II, used primarily to imprison political prisoners, resistance members, and other opponents of the occupation.
E. Plaszow concentration camp
Plaszow concentration camp was a Nazi German forced-labor and concentration camp near Kraków, Poland, notorious for its brutal conditions and later depicted in the film "Schindler’s List."
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Chelmo extermination camp
Target entity description: Chelmno extermination camp was a Nazi German killing center in occupied Poland where hundreds of thousands of Jews, Roma, and other victims were murdered, primarily using gas vans, during the Holocaust.

A. Trawniki concentration camp
Trawniki concentration camp was a Nazi SS training and forced-labor camp in occupied Poland, notorious for preparing auxiliary guards who participated in the Holocaust and for exploiting and murdering Jewish prisoners.
B. Monowitz concentration camp
Monowitz concentration camp was a Nazi German labor and extermination subcamp of Auschwitz, where prisoners were forced to work under brutal conditions for the nearby IG Farben industrial complex.
C. Gusen concentration camp
Gusen concentration camp was a Nazi German concentration and extermination complex in Austria, closely linked to Mauthausen, where tens of thousands of political prisoners, forced laborers, and other persecuted groups were subjected to brutal conditions and mass murder during World War II.
D. Grini concentration camp
Grini concentration camp was a major Nazi-run detention facility in Norway during World War II, used primarily to imprison political prisoners, resistance members, and other opponents of the occupation.
E. Plaszow concentration camp
Plaszow concentration camp was a Nazi German forced-labor and concentration camp near Kraków, Poland, notorious for its brutal conditions and later depicted in the film "Schindler’s List."
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Holocaust site ⓘ Nazi extermination camp ⓘ killing center ⓘ
country	Nazi Germany ⓘ
endDate	1943-03 ⓘ
estimatedNumberOfVictims	at least 150000 ⓘ up to 300000 ⓘ
evidenceSource	perpetrator testimonies ⓘ postwar trials ⓘ survivor testimonies ⓘ
finalClosureDate	1945-01 ⓘ
GermanName	Kulmhof ⓘ linked to: Kulmhof extermination camp
hasComponent	cremation pyres ⓘ forest burial and cremation site ⓘ gas van garage ⓘ manor house killing site ⓘ mass graves ⓘ
jurisdictionDuringOperation	Reichsgau Wartheland ⓘ
killingMethod	carbon monoxide poisoning ⓘ
languageOfToponym	Polish ⓘ
locatedIn	Warthegau ⓘ occupied Poland ⓘ
locatedNear	Chelmno nad Nerem ⓘ linked to: Chelmno Koło ⓘ
memorialStatus	Holocaust memorial site ⓘ museum ⓘ
notableFor	first stationary extermination camp using gas vans ⓘ
operatedBy	German police ⓘ SS ⓘ
partOf	Final Solution ⓘ the Holocaust ⓘ linked to: Holocaust
perpetratorOrganization	SS-Sonderkommando Kulmhof ⓘ
primaryKillingMethod	gas vans ⓘ
reopened	1944-06 ⓘ
startDate	1941-12-08 ⓘ
usedFor	genocide of Jews ⓘ mass murder ⓘ murder of Polish civilians ⓘ murder of Roma ⓘ murder of Soviet POWs ⓘ
victimGroup	Austrian Jews ⓘ Czech Jews ⓘ German Jews ⓘ Jews ⓘ Lodz Ghetto Jews ⓘ Poles ⓘ Roma ⓘ Slovak Jews ⓘ Soviet prisoners of war ⓘ

How these facts were elicited