EMM386.EXE
E944921
EMM386.EXE is a DOS memory manager utility from Microsoft that enables expanded memory and upper memory block usage on 80386 and later processors.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| EMM386.EXE canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11751556 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: EMM386.EXE Context triple: [JEMM386, replaces, EMM386.EXE]
-
A.
Kernel32
Kernel32 is a core Windows system library that provides fundamental kernel-level functions for process, memory, and thread management in the Win32 API.
-
B.
ntoskrnl.exe
ntoskrnl.exe is the core Windows NT operating system kernel executable responsible for low-level system functions such as process and memory management.
-
C.
XBIOS
XBIOS is a low-level system BIOS interface in Atari TOS that provides extended hardware and system services beyond the standard GEMDOS and BIOS calls.
-
D.
NTLDR
NTLDR is the legacy boot loader used by early versions of Microsoft Windows NT-based operating systems to start the system during the boot process.
-
E.
Microsoft Management Console 2.0
Microsoft Management Console 2.0 is a system administration framework from Microsoft that provides a unified, extensible interface for managing Windows components and services through snap-in tools.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: EMM386.EXE Target entity description: EMM386.EXE is a DOS memory manager utility from Microsoft that enables expanded memory and upper memory block usage on 80386 and later processors.
-
A.
Kernel32
Kernel32 is a core Windows system library that provides fundamental kernel-level functions for process, memory, and thread management in the Win32 API.
-
B.
ntoskrnl.exe
ntoskrnl.exe is the core Windows NT operating system kernel executable responsible for low-level system functions such as process and memory management.
-
C.
XBIOS
XBIOS is a low-level system BIOS interface in Atari TOS that provides extended hardware and system services beyond the standard GEMDOS and BIOS calls.
-
D.
NTLDR
NTLDR is the legacy boot loader used by early versions of Microsoft Windows NT-based operating systems to start the system during the boot process.
-
E.
Microsoft Management Console 2.0
Microsoft Management Console 2.0 is a system administration framework from Microsoft that provides a unified, extensible interface for managing Windows components and services through snap-in tools.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
DOS memory manager
ⓘ
device driver ⓘ expanded memory manager ⓘ |
| architecture | 16-bit DOS executable using 32-bit CPU features via v86 mode ⓘ |
| benefit |
allows legacy EMS-dependent applications to run without EMS hardware
ⓘ
frees conventional memory by moving drivers and TSRs to UMBs ⓘ |
| category |
DOS system file
ⓘ
memory management software ⓘ |
| commonConfigLine |
DEVICE=EMM386.EXE
ⓘ
DEVICEHIGH=EMM386.EXE ⓘ |
| developer | Microsoft ⓘ |
| fileExtension | .EXE ⓘ |
| includedIn |
MS-DOS 5.0
ⓘ
linked to:
MS-DOS
MS-DOS 6.0 ⓘ
linked to:
MS-DOS
MS-DOS 6.2 ⓘ
linked to:
MS-DOS
MS-DOS 6.22 ⓘ
linked to:
MS-DOS
Windows 95 DOS mode ⓘ
linked to:
Windows 95
Windows 98 DOS mode ⓘ
linked to:
Windows 98
|
| introducedInVersion |
MS-DOS 4.01 (OEM variants) / MS-DOS 5.0 (retail standard)
ⓘ
linked to:
MS-DOS
|
| invokedFrom | CONFIG.SYS ⓘ |
| operatingSystem |
DR-DOS-compatible utility
ⓘ
MS-DOS ⓘ PC DOS ⓘ
linked to:
MS-DOS
|
| primaryFunction |
create upper memory blocks (UMBs)
ⓘ
manage memory in DOS using 80386 protected mode features ⓘ provide expanded memory (EMS) using extended memory ⓘ |
| relatedTo | HIMEM.SYS ⓘ |
| replaces | earlier EMS boards in many configurations ⓘ |
| requires | HIMEM.SYS for XMS services ⓘ |
| supportedProcessor |
Intel 80386
ⓘ
Intel 80486 ⓘ Intel Pentium and compatible x86 ⓘ |
| supportsFeature |
control of ROM and video memory mapping
ⓘ
creation of upper memory blocks for loading TSRs and drivers high ⓘ hardware interrupt virtualization ⓘ mapping extended memory to EMS page frame ⓘ page frame relocation (depending on version) ⓘ |
| supportsOption |
FRAME=address
ⓘ
HIGHSCAN (in some versions) ⓘ I=include-range ⓘ NOEMS ⓘ RAM ⓘ X=exclude-range ⓘ |
| targetEnvironment | real-mode DOS with 80386 or later CPU ⓘ |
| typicalPath | C:\DOS\EMM386.EXE ⓘ |
| usedBy |
DOS applications requiring EMS or UMBs
ⓘ
DOS games requiring EMS ⓘ |
| usesMode |
80386 virtual 8086 mode
ⓘ
protected mode paging ⓘ |
| usesStandard | LIM EMS 4.0 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: EMM386.EXE Description of subject: EMM386.EXE is a DOS memory manager utility from Microsoft that enables expanded memory and upper memory block usage on 80386 and later processors.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.