Article 81 EC Treaty
E859561
Article 81 EC Treaty was a core provision of European Union competition law that prohibited anti-competitive agreements and concerted practices between undertakings affecting trade between Member States.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Article 81 EC Treaty canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10341289 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Article 81 EC Treaty Context triple: [Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003, implements, Article 81 EC Treaty]
-
A.
Article 95 of the EC Treaty
Article 95 of the EC Treaty was a key internal market provision empowering the European Community to adopt harmonizing legislation to remove obstacles to trade and distortions of competition within the EU.
-
B.
Article 152 of the EC Treaty
Article 152 of the EC Treaty is a provision of European Union primary law that establishes the EU’s role and powers in protecting public health and setting high health standards across member states.
-
C.
Article 86 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
Article 86 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is the provision that enables the establishment of a European Public Prosecutor’s Office to investigate and prosecute crimes affecting the EU’s financial interests.
-
D.
Article 192 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
Article 192 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is the key provision setting out the legal framework and decision-making procedures for EU environmental policy and legislation.
-
E.
Article 78 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
Article 78 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is the primary EU treaty provision that sets out the Union’s common policy framework and legislative powers on asylum, subsidiary protection, and temporary protection for third-country nationals.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Article 81 EC Treaty Target entity description: Article 81 EC Treaty was a core provision of European Union competition law that prohibited anti-competitive agreements and concerted practices between undertakings affecting trade between Member States.
-
A.
Article 95 of the EC Treaty
Article 95 of the EC Treaty was a key internal market provision empowering the European Community to adopt harmonizing legislation to remove obstacles to trade and distortions of competition within the EU.
-
B.
Article 152 of the EC Treaty
Article 152 of the EC Treaty is a provision of European Union primary law that establishes the EU’s role and powers in protecting public health and setting high health standards across member states.
-
C.
Article 86 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
Article 86 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is the provision that enables the establishment of a European Public Prosecutor’s Office to investigate and prosecute crimes affecting the EU’s financial interests.
-
D.
Article 192 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
Article 192 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is the key provision setting out the legal framework and decision-making procedures for EU environmental policy and legislation.
-
E.
Article 78 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
Article 78 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is the primary EU treaty provision that sets out the Union’s common policy framework and legislative powers on asylum, subsidiary protection, and temporary protection for third-country nationals.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
competition law rule
ⓘ
provision of European Union competition law ⓘ |
| aimsToPrevent |
collusive tendering
ⓘ
market-sharing agreements ⓘ output limitation agreements ⓘ price-fixing agreements ⓘ |
| allows |
exemptions for agreements improving production or distribution
ⓘ
exemptions for agreements promoting technical or economic progress ⓘ |
| appliesIn |
Member States of the European Community
ⓘ
linked to:
Member States of the European Union
|
| appliesTo | undertakings ⓘ |
| basedOn | principle of undistorted competition in the common market ⓘ |
| codifiedIn | primary EU law ⓘ |
| condition |
agreements must not eliminate competition in respect of a substantial part of the products in question
ⓘ
consumers must receive a fair share of the resulting benefit ⓘ restrictions must be indispensable to the attainment of benefits ⓘ |
| contains |
paragraph 1
ⓘ
paragraph 2 ⓘ paragraph 3 ⓘ |
| enforcedBy | European Commission ⓘ |
| enteredIntoForce | 1 January 1958 ⓘ |
| field | EU competition law ⓘ |
| interpretedBy |
Court of First Instance
ⓘ
Court of Justice of the European Union ⓘ |
| language | all official languages of the European Union ⓘ |
| legalEffect | agreements infringing paragraph 1 are automatically void ⓘ |
| legalNature | directly applicable rule of EU law ⓘ |
| legalSystem |
European Union law
ⓘ
linked to:
European Union legal order
|
| objective |
prevention of distortion of competition
ⓘ
protection of competition in the internal market ⓘ |
| paragraph1Provides | list of prohibited agreements and practices ⓘ |
| paragraph2Provides | automatic nullity of prohibited agreements ⓘ |
| paragraph3Provides | conditions for exemption ⓘ |
| partOf |
EC Treaty
ⓘ
Treaty establishing the European Community ⓘ
linked to:
Treaty of Rome
|
| previousNumbering | Article 85 EEC Treaty ⓘ |
| prohibits |
anti-competitive agreements
ⓘ
concerted practices ⓘ decisions by associations of undertakings ⓘ |
| regulates |
agreements between undertakings
ⓘ
concerted practices between undertakings ⓘ |
| relatedTo | Article 82 EC Treaty ⓘ |
| replacedBy | Article 101 TFEU ⓘ |
| requires | effect on trade between Member States ⓘ |
| scope | agreements affecting trade between Member States ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
cartels
ⓘ
decisions of trade associations ⓘ horizontal agreements ⓘ vertical agreements ⓘ |
| successorText |
Article 101 Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union
ⓘ
linked to:
TFEU Article 101
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Article 81 EC Treaty Description of subject: Article 81 EC Treaty was a core provision of European Union competition law that prohibited anti-competitive agreements and concerted practices between undertakings affecting trade between Member States.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.