Chondrichthyes

E85554

group of cartilaginous fishes taxonomic class

Chondrichthyes is a class of cartilaginous fishes, including sharks, rays, and skates, characterized by skeletons made primarily of cartilage rather than bone.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Chondrichthyes canonical	8
Batoidea	1
Chondrichthyes (in some phylogenetic usages may be excluded or treated separately)	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T696099 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Chondrichthyes
Context triple: [Vertebrata, includesTaxon, Chondrichthyes]

A. Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes is a vast taxonomic group of bony fishes characterized by skeletons primarily composed of bone rather than cartilage, encompassing both ray-finned and lobe-finned fishes.
B. Actinopterygii
Actinopterygii is the diverse class of ray-finned fishes that comprises the vast majority of modern fish species found in marine and freshwater environments.
C. Acipenseriformes
Acipenseriformes is an order of primitive ray-finned fishes that includes sturgeons and paddlefishes, known for their cartilaginous skeletons and importance in caviar production.
D. Polypteriformes
Polypteriformes is an ancient order of ray-finned fishes that includes bichirs and reedfish, known for their elongated bodies, ganoid scales, and ability to breathe air.
E. Neopterygii
Neopterygii is a major clade of ray-finned fishes that includes most modern fish species, characterized by more advanced jaw mechanics and fin structures compared to more primitive actinopterygians.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Chondrichthyes
Target entity description: Chondrichthyes is a class of cartilaginous fishes, including sharks, rays, and skates, characterized by skeletons made primarily of cartilage rather than bone.

A. Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes is a vast taxonomic group of bony fishes characterized by skeletons primarily composed of bone rather than cartilage, encompassing both ray-finned and lobe-finned fishes.
B. Actinopterygii
Actinopterygii is the diverse class of ray-finned fishes that comprises the vast majority of modern fish species found in marine and freshwater environments.
C. Acipenseriformes
Acipenseriformes is an order of primitive ray-finned fishes that includes sturgeons and paddlefishes, known for their cartilaginous skeletons and importance in caviar production.
D. Polypteriformes
Polypteriformes is an ancient order of ray-finned fishes that includes bichirs and reedfish, known for their elongated bodies, ganoid scales, and ability to breathe air.
E. Neopterygii
Neopterygii is a major clade of ray-finned fishes that includes most modern fish species, characterized by more advanced jaw mechanics and fin structures compared to more primitive actinopterygians.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	group of cartilaginous fishes ⓘ taxonomic class ⓘ
bodyCovering	dermal denticles ⓘ
circulatorySystem	closed circulatory system ⓘ
commonName	cartilaginous fishes ⓘ
ecologicalRole	mesopredators in marine ecosystems ⓘ top predators in marine ecosystems ⓘ
fertilizationType	internal fertilization ⓘ
firstAppearance	Devonian period ⓘ
habitat	marine environments ⓘ some freshwater environments ⓘ
hasCharacteristic	cartilaginous endoskeleton ⓘ cartilaginous vertebral column ⓘ electroreception via ampullae of Lorenzini in many species ⓘ heterocercal tail in many species ⓘ internal fertilization ⓘ lack of swim bladder ⓘ oily liver for buoyancy ⓘ placoid scales ⓘ spiral valve intestine ⓘ well-developed olfactory organs ⓘ
hasEconomicImportance	commercial fisheries ⓘ ecotourism ⓘ recreational fisheries ⓘ
hasSubclass	Elasmobranchii ⓘ Holocephali ⓘ
heartChambers	two-chambered heart ⓘ
includes	chimaeras ⓘ rays ⓘ sharks ⓘ skates ⓘ
jawType	movable jaws ⓘ
kingdom	Animalia ⓘ
notableGroup	Batoidea ⓘ Selachii ⓘ
phylum	Chordata ⓘ
reproductionMode	oviparous in some species ⓘ ovoviviparous in some species ⓘ viviparous in some species ⓘ
respiration	gills ⓘ
sensorySystem	lateral line system ⓘ
skeletonContains	cartilage ⓘ
skeletonLacks	true bone ⓘ
skeletonType	cartilaginous skeleton ⓘ
subphylum	Vertebrata ⓘ
threatStatus	many species threatened by bycatch ⓘ many species threatened by habitat degradation ⓘ many species threatened by overfishing ⓘ
timeOfOrigin	Paleozoic era ⓘ
toothType	replaceable teeth in many species ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (10)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Vertebrata → includesTaxon → Chondrichthyes ⓘ

Gnathostomata → includes → Chondrichthyes ⓘ

Galapagos shark → class → Chondrichthyes ⓘ

Elasmobranchii → class → Chondrichthyes ⓘ

Holocephali → class → Chondrichthyes ⓘ

Holocephali → partOf → Chondrichthyes ⓘ

Eugnathostomata → includesGroup → Chondrichthyes (in some phylogenetic usages may be excluded or treated separately) ⓘ

linked to: Chondrichthyes

Sharks → class → Chondrichthyes ⓘ

Pseudobatos → class → Chondrichthyes ⓘ

Pseudobatos → superorder → Batoidea ⓘ