Haldane principle of gas analysis
E834157
The Haldane principle of gas analysis is a foundational concept in respiratory physiology that relates inspired and expired gas concentrations to quantify gas exchange in the lungs.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Douglas bag method of gas analysis | 1 |
| Haldane principle of gas analysis canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T9980539 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Haldane principle of gas analysis Context triple: [John Scott Haldane, notableWork, Haldane principle of gas analysis]
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A.
Haldane’s dilemma
Haldane’s dilemma is a theoretical argument in population genetics that questions how rapidly beneficial genetic substitutions can accumulate in a population given the reproductive cost of natural selection.
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B.
Fick's first law of diffusion
Fick's first law of diffusion is a fundamental physical law that relates the diffusive flux of particles to the spatial gradient of their concentration, describing how substances move from regions of high to low concentration.
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C.
Lund Principle
The Lund Principle is an ecumenical guideline urging churches to act together in all matters except those in which deep differences of conviction require them to act separately.
-
D.
Bohr effect
The Bohr effect is a physiological phenomenon in which increases in carbon dioxide concentration and acidity reduce hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen, thereby facilitating oxygen release to tissues.
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E.
Haldane’s cost of selection
Haldane’s cost of selection is a population genetics concept quantifying the reproductive burden and time required for natural selection to replace one gene variant with a fitter alternative in a population.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Haldane principle of gas analysis Target entity description: The Haldane principle of gas analysis is a foundational concept in respiratory physiology that relates inspired and expired gas concentrations to quantify gas exchange in the lungs.
-
A.
Haldane’s dilemma
Haldane’s dilemma is a theoretical argument in population genetics that questions how rapidly beneficial genetic substitutions can accumulate in a population given the reproductive cost of natural selection.
-
B.
Fick's first law of diffusion
Fick's first law of diffusion is a fundamental physical law that relates the diffusive flux of particles to the spatial gradient of their concentration, describing how substances move from regions of high to low concentration.
-
C.
Lund Principle
The Lund Principle is an ecumenical guideline urging churches to act together in all matters except those in which deep differences of conviction require them to act separately.
-
D.
Bohr effect
The Bohr effect is a physiological phenomenon in which increases in carbon dioxide concentration and acidity reduce hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen, thereby facilitating oxygen release to tissues.
-
E.
Haldane’s cost of selection
Haldane’s cost of selection is a population genetics concept quantifying the reproductive burden and time required for natural selection to replace one gene variant with a fitter alternative in a population.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
concept in respiratory physiology
ⓘ
physiological principle ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
human respiration
ⓘ
pulmonary gas exchange ⓘ |
| assumes |
nitrogen is physiologically inert in the lungs
ⓘ
no net exchange of nitrogen across the alveolar–capillary membrane ⓘ total inspired gas volume equals total expired gas volume when corrected for nitrogen ⓘ |
| componentOf |
Douglas bag method of gas analysis
ⓘ
linked to:
Haldane principle of gas analysis
open-circuit spirometry ⓘ standard methods for measuring VO2 and VCO2 ⓘ |
| concerns |
conservation of nitrogen in the respiratory system
ⓘ
mass balance of respiratory gases ⓘ |
| describes |
relationship between inspired and expired gas concentrations
ⓘ
relationship between inspired and expired gas volumes ⓘ |
| enables |
calculation of alveolar ventilation from expired gas
ⓘ
conversion between inspired and expired volume reference conditions in gas analysis ⓘ determination of respiratory exchange ratio ⓘ |
| field |
exercise physiology
ⓘ
pulmonary medicine ⓘ respiratory physiology ⓘ |
| hasKeyVariable |
expired ventilation
ⓘ
fraction of expired nitrogen ⓘ fraction of inspired nitrogen ⓘ inspired ventilation ⓘ |
| historicalOrigin | early 20th century respiratory physiology ⓘ |
| influencedBy | studies of mine and high-altitude respiration by John Scott Haldane ⓘ |
| namedAfter | John Scott Haldane ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Fick principle
ⓘ
Haldane transformation ⓘ alveolar gas equation ⓘ |
| relates |
inspired gas volume to expired gas volume via nitrogen balance
ⓘ
inspired nitrogen fraction to expired nitrogen fraction ⓘ |
| supports |
calculation of carbon dioxide production from expired gas only
ⓘ
calculation of oxygen consumption from expired gas only ⓘ |
| teaches | that nitrogen can be used as a reference gas in respiratory calculations ⓘ |
| usedFor |
calculation of carbon dioxide production
ⓘ
calculation of oxygen uptake ⓘ indirect calorimetry ⓘ metabolic rate estimation ⓘ quantification of gas exchange in the lungs ⓘ |
| usedIn |
assessment of gas exchange efficiency
ⓘ
cardiopulmonary exercise testing ⓘ clinical pulmonary function testing ⓘ research on ventilation–perfusion relationships ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Haldane principle of gas analysis Description of subject: The Haldane principle of gas analysis is a foundational concept in respiratory physiology that relates inspired and expired gas concentrations to quantify gas exchange in the lungs.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Haldane principle of gas analysis